Field line distribution of density at L=4.8 inferred from observations by CLUSTER (2009)
R. E. Denton, P. Décréau, M. J. Engebretson, F. Darrouzet, J. L. Posch, C. Mouikis, ...
For two events observed by the CLUSTER spacecraft, the field line distribution of mass density ρ was inferred from Alfvén wave harmonic frequencies and compared to the electron density ne from...
Cluster and Double Star multipoint observations of a plasma bubble (2009)
A. P. Walsh, A. N. Fazakerley, A. D. Lahiff, M. Volwerk, A. Grocott, M. W. Dunlop, ...
Depleted flux tubes, or plasma bubbles, are one possible explanation of bursty bulk flows, which are transient high speed flows thought to be responsible for a large proportion of flux transport in...
B. Miao, H. Kucharek, E. Möbius, C. Mouikis, H. Matsui, Y. C.-M. Liu, ...
Field-aligned ion beams (FABs) originate at the quasi-perpendicular Earth's bow shock and constitute an important ion population in the foreshock region. The bulk velocity of these FABs depends...
On the physics of collisionless shocks: cluster investigations and simulations (2008)
Kucharek, H., Möbius, E., Mouikis, C., Lee, M., Liu, Y., Miao, B., ...
Near-Earth substorm features from multiple satellite observations (2008)
Lui, A. T. Y., Volwerk, M., Dunlop, M. W., Alexeev, I. V., Fazakerley, A. N., Walsh, A. P., ...
Magnetotail dipolarization and associated current systems observed by cluster and double star (2008)
Volwerk, M., Lui, A. T. Y., Lester, M., Walsh, A. P., Alexeev, I., Cao, X., ...
Liléo, S., Marklund, G. T., Karlsson, T., Johansson, T., Lindqvist, P.-A., Marchaudon, A., ...
Results are presented from a case study of a plasma boundary crossing by the Cluster spacecraft during an extended period of high auroral activity. The boundary between the magnetotail lobe region of...
Liléo, S., Marklund, G. T., Karlsson, T., Johansson, T., Lindqvist, P.-A., Marchaudon, A., ...
Results are presented from a case study of a plasma boundary crossing by the Cluster spacecraft during an extended period of high auroral activity. The boundary between the magnetotail lobe region of...
S. Liléo, G. T. Marklund, T. Karlsson, T. Johansson, P.-A. Lindqvist, A. Marchaudon, ...
Results are presented from a case study of a plasma boundary crossing by the Cluster spacecraft during an extended period of high auroral activity. The boundary between the magnetotail lobe region of...
I. A. Daglis, Y. Kamide, G. Kasotakis, C. Mouikis, B. Wilken, E. T. Sarris, ...
. During magnetospheric substorms, the inner magnetosphere is characterized by intense dynamic changes pertaining to particle fluxes and electromagnetic field configuration. One of the dynamically...
On the ion reflection properties of the quasi-perpendicular earth's bow shock (2006)
Kucharek, H., Moebius, E., Scholer, M., Behlke, R., Mouikis, C., Puhl-Quinn, P., ...
Nykyri, K., Otto, A., Lavraud, B., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Balogh, A., ...
On 3 July 2001, the four Cluster satellites traversed along the dawnside magnetospheric flank and observed large variations in all plasma parameters. The estimated magnetopause boundary normals were...
Cluster observation of plasma flow reversal in the magnetotail during a substorm (2006)
Lui, A. T. Y., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y., Livi, S., Rème, H., Dunlop, M. W., ...
We investigate in detail a reversal of plasma flow from tailward to earthward detected by Cluster at the downstream distance of ~19 RE in the midnight sector of the magnetotail on 22 August 2001....
Nykyri, K., Otto, A., Lavraud, B., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Balogh, A., ...
On 3 July 2001, the four Cluster satellites traversed along the dawnside magnetospheric flank and observed large variations in all plasma parameters. The estimated magnetopause boundary normals were...
Cluster observation of plasma flow reversal in the magnetotail during a substorm (2006)
Lui, A. T. Y., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y., Livi, S., Rème, H., Dunlop, M. W., ...
We investigate in detail a reversal of plasma flow from tailward to earthward detected by Cluster at the downstream distance of ~19 RE in the midnight sector of the magnetotail on 22 August 2001....
Cluster observation of plasma flow reversal in the magnetotail during a substorm (2006)
A. T. Y. Lui, Y. Zheng, Y. Zhang, S. Livi, H. Rème, M. W. Dunlop, ...
We investigate in detail a reversal of plasma flow from tailward to earthward detected by Cluster at the downstream distance of ~19 <i>R<sub>E</sub></i> in the midnight sector...
K. Nykyri, A. Otto, B. Lavraud, C. Mouikis, L. M. Kistler, A. Balogh, ...
On 3 July 2001, the four Cluster satellites traversed along the dawnside magnetospheric flank and observed large variations in all plasma parameters. The estimated magnetopause boundary normals were...
Nykyri, K., Otto, A., Lavraud, B., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Balogh, A., ...
On 3 July 2001, the four Cluster satellites traversed along the dawnside magnetospheric flank and observed large variations in all plasma parameters. The estimated magnetopause boundary normals were...
Cluster observation of plasma flow reversal in the magnetotail during a substorm (2006)
Lui, A. T. Y., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y., Livi, S., Rème, H., Dunlop, M. W., ...
We investigate in detail a reversal of plasma flow from tailward to earthward detected by Cluster at the downstream distance of ~19 RE in the midnight sector of the magnetotail on 22 August 2001....
Nykyri, K., Otto, A., Lavraud, B., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Balogh, A., ...
On 3 July 2001, the four Cluster satellites traversed along the dawnside magnetospheric flank and observed large variations in all plasma parameters. The estimated magnetopause boundary normals were...
Cluster observation of plasma flow reversal in the magnetotail during a substorm (2006)
Lui, A. T. Y., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y., Livi, S., Rème, H., Dunlop, M. W., ...
We investigate in detail a reversal of plasma flow from tailward to earthward detected by Cluster at the downstream distance of ~19 RE in the midnight sector of the magnetotail on 22 August 2001....
Bouncing ion clusters in the plasma sheet boundary layer observed by Cluster-CIS (2005)
Keiling, A., K. Parks, G., Rème, H., Dandouras, J., M. Bosqued, J., Wilber, M., ...
Bouncing ion clustere in the plasma sheet boundary layer observed by cluster-CIS (2005)
Keiling, A., Parks, G. K., Rème, H., Dandouras, I., Bosqued, J. M., Wilber, M., ...
Cluster and Double Star observations of dipolarization (2005)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Zhang, T. L., Carr, C. M., Balogh, A., Fornacon, K. H., ...
Multi-point observation of the high-speed flows in the plasma sheet (2005)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L.M., Runov, A., Volwerk, M., ...
Bouncing ion clusters in the plasma sheet boundary layer observed by Cluster-CIS (2005)
Keiling, A., Parks, G. K., Rème, H., Dandouras, I., Bosqued, J. M., Wilber, M., ...
Cluster and Double Star observations of dipolarization (2005)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Zhang, T. L., Carr, C. M., Balogh, A., Fornacon, K.-H., ...
We studied two types of dipolarization events with different IMF conditions when Cluster and Double Star (TC-1) were located in the same local time sector: 7 August 2004, 18:00-24:00 UT, during a...
Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp (2005)
Fear, R. C., Fazakerley, A. N., Owen, C. J., Lahiff, A. D., Lucek, E. A., Balogh, A., ...
On the 25th January 2002 between 10:00 and 12:00 UT, the four Cluster spacecraft passed through the northern high-latitude cusp, the dayside magnetosphere and into the magnetosheath in a linear...
Cluster and Double Star observations of dipolarization (2005)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Zhang, T. L., Carr, C. M., Balogh, A., Fornacon, K.-H., ...
We studied two types of dipolarization events with different IMF conditions when Cluster and Double Star (TC-1) were located in the same local time sector: 7 August 2004, 18:00-24:00 UT, during a...
Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp (2005)
Fear, R. C., Fazakerley, A. N., Owen, C. J., Lahiff, A. D., Lucek, E. A., Balogh, A., ...
On the 25th January 2002 between 10:00 and 12:00 UT, the four Cluster spacecraft passed through the northern high-latitude cusp, the dayside magnetosphere and into the magnetosheath in a linear...
Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp (2005)
R. C. Fear, A. N. Fazakerley, C. J. Owen, A. D. Lahiff, E. A. Lucek, A. Balogh, ...
On the 25th January 2002 between 10:00 and 12:00 UT, the four Cluster spacecraft passed through the northern high-latitude cusp, the dayside magnetosphere and into the magnetosheath in a linear...
Cluster and Double Star observations of dipolarization (2005)
R. Nakamura, W. Baumjohann, T. L. Zhang, C. M. Carr, A. Balogh, K-H. Fornacon, ...
We studied two types of dipolarization events with different IMF conditions when Cluster and Double Star (TC-1) were located in the same local time sector: 7 August 2004, 18:00-24:00 UT, during...
Cluster and Double Star observations of dipolarization (2005)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Zhang, T. L., Carr, C. M., Balogh, A., Fornacon, K.-H., ...
We studied two types of dipolarization events with different IMF conditions when Cluster and Double Star (TC-1) were located in the same local time sector: 7 August 2004, 18:00-24:00 UT, during a...
Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp (2005)
Fear, R. C., Fazakerley, A. N., Owen, C. J., Lahiff, A. D., Lucek, E. A., Balogh, A., ...
On the 25th January 2002 between 10:00 and 12:00 UT, the four Cluster spacecraft passed through the northern high-latitude cusp, the dayside magnetosphere and into the magnetosheath in a linear...
Cluster and Double Star observations of dipolarization (2005)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Zhang, T. L., Carr, C. M., Balogh, A., Fornacon, K.-H., ...
We studied two types of dipolarization events with different IMF conditions when Cluster and Double Star (TC-1) were located in the same local time sector: 7 August 2004, 18:00-24:00 UT, during a...
Cluster observations of bounday layer structure and a flux transfer event near the cusp (2005)
Fear, R. C., Fazakerley, A. N., Owen, C. J., Lahiff, A. D., Lucek, E. A., Balogh, A., ...
On the 25th January 2002 between 10:00 and 12:00 UT, the four Cluster spacecraft passed through the northern high-latitude cusp, the dayside magnetosphere and into the magnetosheath in a linear...
Spatial scale of high-speed flows in the plasma sheet observed by Cluster (2004)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Runov, A., Volwerk, M., ...
Case studies of the dynamics of ionospheric ions in the Earth's magnetotail (2004)
Sauvaud, J.-A., Louarn, P., Fruit, G., Stenuit, H., Vallat, C., Dandouras, J., ...
Flow shear near the boundary of the plasma sheet observed by Cluster and Geotail (2004)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Nagai, T., Fujimoto, M., Mukai, T., Klecker, B., ...
Case studies of the dynamics of ionospheric ions in the Earth's magnetotail (2004)
Sauvaud, J. A., Louarn, P., Fruit, G., Stenuit, H., Vallat, C., Dandouras, J., ...
Farrugia, C. J., Lund, E. J., Sandholt, P. E., Wild, J. A., Cowley, S. W. H., Balogh, A., ...
Particle and magnetic field observations during a magnetic conjunction Cluster 1-FAST-Søndrestrøm within the field of view of SuperDARN radars on 21 January 2001 allow us to draw a detailed,...
Phan, T. D., Dunlop, M. W., Paschmann, G., Klecker, B., Bosqued, J. M., Rème, H., ...
On 26 January 2001, the Cluster spacecraft detected high-speed plasma jets at multiple crossings of the high-latitude duskside magnetopause (MP) and boundary layer (BL) over a period of more than 2h....
Kucharek, H., Möbius, E., Scholer, M., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Horbury, T., ...
Two distinct populations of reflected and accelerated ions are known to originate from quasi-perpendicular shocks, gyrating ions and reflected ion beams. Recent observations under such bow shock...
Farrugia, C. J., Lund, E. J., Sandholt, P. E., Wild, J. A., Cowley, S. W. H., Balogh, A., ...
Particle and magnetic field observations during a magnetic conjunction Cluster 1-FAST-Søndrestrøm within the field of view of SuperDARN radars on 21 January 2001 allow us to draw a detailed,...
Phan, T. D., Dunlop, M. W., Paschmann, G., Klecker, B., Bosqued, J. M., Rème, H., ...
On 26 January 2001, the Cluster spacecraft detected high-speed plasma jets at multiple crossings of the high-latitude duskside magnetopause (MP) and boundary layer (BL) over a period of more than 2h....
Kucharek, H., Möbius, E., Scholer, M., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Horbury, T., ...
Two distinct populations of reflected and accelerated ions are known to originate from quasi-perpendicular shocks, gyrating ions and reflected ion beams. Recent observations under such bow shock...
H. Kucharek, E. Möbius, M. Scholer, C. Mouikis, L. M. Kistler, T. Horbury, ...
Two distinct populations of reflected and accelerated ions are known to originate from quasi-perpendicular shocks, gyrating ions and reflected ion beams. Recent observations under such bow shock...
T. D. Phan, M. W. Dunlop, G. Paschmann, B. Klecker, J. M. Bosqued, H. Rème, ...
On 26 January 2001, the Cluster spacecraft detected high-speed plasma jets at multiple crossings of the high-latitude duskside magnetopause (MP) and boundary layer (BL) over a period of more than 2h....
C. J. Farrugia, E. J. Lund, P. E. Sandholt, J. A. Wild, S. W. H. Cowley, A. Balogh, ...
Particle and magnetic field observations during a magnetic conjunction Cluster 1-FAST-Søndrestrøm within the field of view of SuperDARN radars on 21 January 2001 allow us to draw a...
Farrugia, C. J., Lund, E. J., Sandholt, P. E., Wild, J. A., Cowley, S. W. H., Balogh, A., ...
Particle and magnetic field observations during a magnetic conjunction Cluster 1-FAST-Søndrestrøm within the field of view of SuperDARN radars on 21 January 2001 allow us to draw a detailed,...
Phan, T. D., Dunlop, M. W., Paschmann, G., Klecker, B., Bosqued, J. M., Rème, H., ...
On 26 January 2001, the Cluster spacecraft detected high-speed plasma jets at multiple crossings of the high-latitude duskside magnetopause (MP) and boundary layer (BL) over a period of more than 2h....
Kucharek, H., Möbius, E., Scholer, M., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Horbury, T., ...
Two distinct populations of reflected and accelerated ions are known to originate from quasi-perpendicular shocks, gyrating ions and reflected ion beams. Recent observations under such bow shock...
Farrugia, C. J., Lund, E. J., Sandholt, P. E., Wild, J. A., Cowley, S. W. H., Balogh, A., ...
Particle and magnetic field observations during a magnetic conjunction Cluster 1-FAST-Søndrestrøm within the field of view of SuperDARN radars on 21 January 2001 allow us to draw a detailed,...
Phan, T. D., Dunlop, M. W., Paschmann, G., Klecker, B., Bosqued, J. M., Rème, H., ...
On 26 January 2001, the Cluster spacecraft detected high-speed plasma jets at multiple crossings of the high-latitude duskside magnetopause (MP) and boundary layer (BL) over a period of more than 2h....
Kucharek, H., Möbius, E., Scholer, M., Mouikis, C., Kistler, L. M., Horbury, T., ...
Two distinct populations of reflected and accelerated ions are known to originate from quasi-perpendicular shocks, gyrating ions and reflected ion beams. Recent observations under such bow shock...
Equator-S observations of boundary signatures: FTE's or Kelvin-Helmholtz Waves? (2003)
Nykyri,K., Otto,A., Büchner,J., Nikutowski,B., Baumjohann,W., Kistler,L. M., ...
Phan,T., Frey,H. U., Frey,S., Peticolas,L., Fuselier,S., Carlson,C., ...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner,K. J., Fuselier,S. A., Yeoman,T. K., Korth,A., Fränz,M., Mouikis,C., ...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner, K. J., Fuselier, S. A., Yeoman, T. K., Korth, A., Fraenz, M., Mouikis, C., ...
Equator-S observations of boundary signatures: FTE's or Kelvin-Helmholtz Waves? (2003)
Nykyri, K., Otto, A., Büchner, J., Nikutowski, B., Baumjohann, W., Kistler, L. M., ...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner, K. J., Fuselier, S. A., Yeoman, T. K., Korth, A., Fränz, M., Mouikis, C., ...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner, K. J., Fuselier, S. A., Yeoman, T. K., Korth, A., Fraenz, M., Mouikis, C., ...
Recent simultaneous observations of cusp structures with Polar, FAST and Interball revealed remarkably similar features at spacecraft crossing the cusp. Such stable cusp structures could be observed...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner, K. J., Fuselier, S. A., Yeoman, T. K., Korth, A., Fraenz, M., Mouikis, C., ...
Recent simultaneous observations of cusp structures with Polar, FAST and Interball revealed remarkably similar features at spacecraft crossing the cusp. Such stable cusp structures could be observed...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner, K. J., Fuselier, S. A., Yeoman, T. K., Korth, A., Fraenz, M., Mouikis, C., ...
Recent simultaneous observations of cusp structures with Polar, FAST and Interball revealed remarkably similar features at spacecraft crossing the cusp. Such stable cusp structures could be observed...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (2003)
Trattner, K. J., Fuselier, S. A., Yeoman, T. K., Korth, A., Fraenz, M., Mouikis, C., ...
Recent simultaneous observations of cusp structures with Polar, FAST and Interball revealed remarkably similar features at spacecraft crossing the cusp. Such stable cusp structures could be observed...
Motion of auroral ion outflow structures observed with Cluster and Image FUV (2002)
Kistler,L. M., Frey,H. U., Möbius,E., Mouikis,C., Quinn,J. M., Klecker,B., ...
Equator-s observation of reconnection coupled to surface waves (2002)
Nikutowski,Bernd, Büchner,J., Otto,A., Kistler,L. M., Korth,A., Mouikis,C., ...
Motion of auroral ion outflow structures observed with CLUSTER and IMAGE FUV (2002)
Kistler, L. M., Frey, H. U., Möbius, E., Mouikis, C., Quinn, J. M., Klecker, B., ...
[1] During February 2001 the CLUSTER satellites recorded a number of perigee passes through the midnight auroral zone. We concentrate on one pass, on 23 February 2001, when structured outflow was...
Motion of the dipolarization front during a flow burst event observed by Cluster (2002)
Nakamura, R., Baumjohann, W., Klecker, B., Bogdanova, Y., Balogh, A., Remé, H., ...
In this paper we study a flow burst event which took place during enhanced geomagnetic activity on July 22, 2001, when Cluster was located in the postmidnight magnetotail. The flow burst was...
Motion of auroral ion outflow structures observed with Cluster and Image FUV (2002)
Kistler, L. M., Frey, H. U., Möbius, E., Mouikis, C., Quinn, J. M., Klecker, B., ...
Equator-s observation of reconnection coupled to surface waves (2002)
Nikutowski, Bernd, Büchner, J., Otto, A., Kistler, L. M., Korth, A., Mouikis, C., ...
Möbius, E., Kucharek, H., Mouikis, C., Georgescu, E., Kistler, L. M., Popecki, M. A., ...
During the early orbit phase, the Cluster spacecraft have repeatedly crossed the perpendicular Earth's bow shock and provided the first multi-spacecraft measurements. We have analyzed data from the...
Rème, H., Aoustin, C., Bosqued, J. M., Dandouras, I., Lavraud, B., Sauvaud, J. A., ...
On board the four Cluster spacecraft, the Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment measures the full, three-dimensional ion distribution of the major magnetospheric ions (H+, He+, He++, and O+) from...
Möbius, E., Kucharek, H., Mouikis, C., Georgescu, E., Kistler, L. M., Popecki, M. A., ...
During the early orbit phase, the Cluster spacecraft have repeatedly crossed the perpendicular Earth's bow shock and provided the first multi-spacecraft measurements. We have analyzed data from the...
Rème, H., Aoustin, C., Bosqued, J. M., Dandouras, I., Lavraud, B., Sauvaud, J. A., ...
On board the four Cluster spacecraft, the Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment measures the full, three-dimensional ion distribution of the major magnetospheric ions (H+, He+, He++, and O+) from...
Möbius, E., Kucharek, H., Mouikis, C., Georgescu, E., Kistler, L. M., Popecki, M. A., ...
During the early orbit phase, the Cluster spacecraft have repeatedly crossed the perpendicular Earth's bow shock and provided the first multi-spacecraft measurements. We have analyzed data from the...
Rème, H., Aoustin, C., Bosqued, J. M., Dandouras, I., Lavraud, B., Sauvaud, J. A., ...
On board the four Cluster spacecraft, the Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment measures the full, three-dimensional ion distribution of the major magnetospheric ions (H+, He+, He++, and O+) from...
Möbius, E., Kucharek, H., Mouikis, C., Georgescu, E., Kistler, L. M., Popecki, M. A., ...
During the early orbit phase, the Cluster spacecraft have repeatedly crossed the perpendicular Earth's bow shock and provided the first multi-spacecraft measurements. We have analyzed data from the...
Rème, H., Aoustin, C., Bosqued, J. M., Dandouras, I., Lavraud, B., Sauvaud, J. A., ...
On board the four Cluster spacecraft, the Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment measures the full, three-dimensional ion distribution of the major magnetospheric ions (H+, He+, He++, and O+) from...
Storm/Substorm Signatures in the Outer Radiation Belt (1998)
Korth, A., Friedel, R. H., Mouikis, C., Fennell, J. F.
The response of the ring current region is compared for periods of storm and substorm activity, with an attempt to isolate the contributions of both processes. We investigate CRRES particle data in...
Kokūbun, S., Kamide, Y., Toivanen, P. K., Pulkkinen, T. I., Koskinen, H. E. J., Friedel, R. H. W., ...
Storm/substorm signatures in the outer belt. (1998)
Kokūbun, S., Kamide, Y., Korth, A., Friedel, R. H. W., Mouikis, C., Fennell, J. F.
"fine Structure" Of The Storm-Substorm Relationship (1998)
I. A. Daglis, Y. Kamide, C. Mouikis, G. D. Reeves, E. T. Sarris, K. Shiokawa, ...
Following a long period of consensus on the storm-substorm relationship, a dispute on this topic has emerged in recent years. The importance of substorms for the buildup of the terrestrial ring...
H. Rème, C. Aoustin, J. M. Bosqued, I. Dandouras, B. Lavraud, J. A. Sauvaud, ...
On board the four Cluster spacecraft, the Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment measures the full, three-dimensional ion distribution of the major magnetospheric ions (H<sup>+</sup>,...
E. Möbius, H. Kucharek, C. Mouikis, E. Georgescu, L. M. Kistler, M. A. Popecki, ...
During the early orbit phase, the Cluster spacecraft have repeatedly crossed the perpendicular Earth’s bow shock and provided the first multi-spacecraft measurements. We have analyzed data from the...
Cusp structures: combining multi-spacecraft observations with ground-based observations (0000)
K. J. Trattner, S. A. Fuselier, T. K. Yeoman, A. Korth, M. Fraenz, C. Mouikis, ...
Recent simultaneous observations of cusp structures with Polar, FAST and Interball revealed remarkably similar features at spacecraft crossing the cusp. Such stable cusp structures could be observed...