Does regionalism affect trade liberalization towards non-members? (2008)
Estevadeordal, Antoni, Freund, Caroline, Ornelas, Emanuel
We examine the effect of regionalism on unilateral trade liberalization using industry-level data on applied MFN tariffs and bilateral preferences for ten Latin American countries from 1990 to 2001....
Does regionalism affect trade liberalization towards non-members? (2008)
Estevadeordal, Antoni, Freund, Caroline, Ornelas, Emanuel
We examine the effect of regionalism on unilateral trade liberalization using industry-level data on applied MFN tariffs and bilateral preferences for ten Latin American countries from 1990 to 2001....
Mary Amiti, Caroline Freund, World Bank
Decomposing China’s real export growth, of over 500 percent since 1992, reveals a number of interesting findings. First, China’s export structure changed dramatically, with growing export shares...
CUTS: Consumer Unity and Trust Society (2007)
Nicholas Stern, Caroline Freund, Ekaterina Krivonos, To Shahrokh Fardoust, Sadiq Ahmed, Stephen Howes, ...
earlier draft.
CUTS: Consumer Unity and Trust Society (2007)
Nicholas Stern, Caroline Freund, Ekaterina Krivonos, To Shahrokh Fardoust, Sadiq Ahmed, Stephen Howes, ...
earlier draft.
Assessing the Impact of Communication Costs on International Trade (2007)
Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo, Ileana Cristina Neagu, Mary Amiti, Caroline Freund
Abstract: Communication costs are frequently cited as an important determinant of trade costs, but without any supporting empirical evidence. We test this relationship by incorporating alternative...
Reciprocity in Free Trade Agreements (2004)
Este artículo usa datos detallados sobre comercio, aranceles e ingresos para países involucrados en 91 acuerdos comerciales negociados desde 1980, para testear la reciprocidad presente en los...
Reciprocity in Free Trade Agreements (2004)
Este artículo usa datos detallados sobre comercio, aranceles e ingresos para países involucrados en 91 acuerdos comerciales negociados desde 1980, para testear la reciprocidad presente en los...
The Effect of the Internet on International Trade (2004)
Caroline Freund, Caroline Freund, Diana Weinhold, Diana Weinhold, James Rauch, John Rogers, ...
NOTE: International Finance Discussion Papers are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comment. References in publications to International Finance Discussion Papers...
Preferential trade agreements and imperfect competition / (1997)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1997.
Preferential trade agreements and imperfect competition [microform] / (1997)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1997.
Preferential trade agreements and imperfect competition (1997)
Department: Economics.
Current Account Deficits in Industrial Countries: The Bigger They are, the Harder They Fall?
Caroline Freund, Frank Warnock
There are a number of worrisome features of the U.S. current account deficit. In particular, its size and persistence, the extent to which it is financing consumption as opposed to investment, and...
Disintegration and trade flows : evidence from the Former Soviet Union
Djankov, Simeon, Freund, Caroline
The authors study the effects of trade barriers and the persistence of past linkages on trade flows in the former Soviet Union. Estimating a gravity equation on trade among and between nine Russian...
Djankov, Simeon, Freund, Caroline, Pham, Cong S.
The authors determine how time delays affect international trade using newly collected World Bank data on the days it takes to move standard cargo from the factory gate to the ship in 126 countries....
Reciprocity in free trade agreements
The author uses detailed trade, tariff, and income data for countries involved in 91 trade agreements negotiated since 1980 to test for reciprocity in free trade agreements. The results offer strong...
Reciprocity in Free Trade Agreements.
We use detailed trade, tariff, and income data for countries involved in 91 trade agreements negotiated since 1980 to test for reciprocity in free trade agreements. The results offer strong evidence...
Which firms do foreigners buy : evidence from the Republic of Korea
Freund, Caroline, Djankov, Simeon
Using data on mergers and acquisitions involving Korean firms, the authors identify which sectors and firms attracted foreign investment after the liberalization of investment of activity at the end...
Trade, regulations, and growth
Bolaky, Bineswaree, Freund, Caroline
Trade does not stimulate growth in economies with excessive business and labor regulations. The authors examine the effect of openness on growth using cross-country regressions in both levels and...
On the conservation of distance in international trade
Berthelon, Matias, Freund, Caroline
The volume of world trade has grown more than twice as fast as real world income since 1980. Surprisingly, the effect of distance on trade has increased during this period. It could be that countries...
Loss aversion and trade policy
Freund, Caroline, Ozden, Caglar
This paper provides new survey evidence showing that loss aversion and reference dependence are important in shaping people's perception of trade policy. Under the assumption that agents'welfare...
Remittances : transaction costs, determinants, and informal flows
Freund, Caroline, Spatafora, Nikola
Recorded workers'remittances to developing countries have grown rapidly, to more than $100 billion in 2004, bringing increasing attention to these flows as a potential tool for development. But even...
Simeon Djankov, Caroline Freund
We study the effects of trade barriers and the persistence of past linkages on trade flows in the former Soviet Union (FSU). Estimating gravity equations on 1987-1996 trade among and between nine...
Djankov, Simeon, Freund, Caroline
We study the effects of trade barriers and the persistence of past linkages on trade flows in the former Soviet Union (FSU). Estimating a gravity equation on 1987-1996 trade among and between nine...
Different Paths To Free Trade: The Gains From Regionalism
We compare free trade reached through expanding regional trading blocs to free trade accomplished by multilateral negotiation. With sunk costs, the outcomes are different. Trade in an imperfectly...
Remittances, transaction costs, and informality
Freund, Caroline, Spatafora, Nikola
Recorded workers' remittances to developing countries reached $167Â billion in 2005, bringing increasing attention to these flows as a potential tool for development. In this paper, we explore the...
On the conservation of distance in international trade
Berthelon, Matias, Freund, Caroline
Using disaggregated bilateral trade data, we find that the elasticity of trade to distance increased (in absolute value) by about 10% since 1985. To explore the reasons for this shift, we decompose...
Does Regionalism Affect Trade Liberalization Towards Non-Members?
Antoni Estevadeordal, Caroline Freund, Emanuel Ornelas
We examine the effect of regionalism on unilateral trade liberalization using industry-level data onapplied MFN tariffs and bilateral preferences for ten Latin American countries from 1990 to 2001.We...
Trade Policy and Loss Aversion
We develop a political economy model where loss aversion and reference dependence are important in shaping people’s preferences over trade policy. The policy implications of the augmented model...
The anatomy of China's export growth
Decomposing China's real export growth, of over 500 percent since 1992,reveals a number of interesting findings. First, China's export structure changed dramatically, with growing export shares in...
Export surges : the oower of a competitive currency
Freund, Caroline, Pierola, Martha Denisse
How can countries stimulate and sustain strong export growth? To answer this question, the authors examine 92 episodes of export surges, defined as significant increases in manufacturing export...
Does regionalism affect trade liberalization toward non-members ?
Estevadeordal, Antoni, Freund, Caroline, Ornelas, Emanuel
This paper examines the effect of regionalism on unilateral trade liberalization using industry-level data on applied most-favored nation tariffs and bilateral preferences for ten Latin American...
Does Regionalism Affect Trade Liberalization toward NonMembers?
Antoni Estevadeordal, Caroline Freund, Emanuel Ornelas
We examine the effect of regionalism on unilateral trade liberalization using industry-level data on applied most-favored nation (MFN) tariffs and bilateral preferences for ten Latin American...
The ASEAN free trade agreement : impact on trade flows and external trade barriers
Calvo-Pardo, Hector, Freund, Caroline, Ornelas, Emanuel
Using detailed data on trade and tariffs from 1992-2007, the authors examine how the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement has affected trade with nonmembers and external tariffs facing nonmembers. First, the...
The ASEAN Free Trade Agreement: Impact on Trade Flows and External Trade Barriers
Hector Calvo-Pardo, Caroline Freund, Emanuel Ornelas
Using detailed data on trade and tariffs from 1992-2007, we examine how the ASEAN Free TradeAgreement has affected trade with non-members and external tariffs facing non-members. First, weexamine the...
The trade response to global downturns : historical evidence
The author examines the impact of historical global downturns on trade flows. The results provide insight into why trade has dropped so dramatically in the current crisis, what is likely to happen in...