David Tarr

Trade in International Maritime Services: How Much Does Policy Matter? (2007)

Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo, Ileana Cristina Neagu, Simon Evenett, Bernard Hoekman, Pierre Latrille, ...

Abstract: Maritime transport costs significantly impede international trade. This paper examines why these costs are so high in some countries, and quantifies the importance of two explanations:...

Can Duty-Drawbacks have a protectionist bias? Evidence from Mercosur (2007)

Olivier Cadot Y, Marcelo Olarreaga X, Isidro Soloaga, T. N. Srinivassan, David Tarr, ...

In a political-economy setting where tari s and duty drawbacks are endoge-nously chosen through industry lobbying, it is shown that full duty-drawbacks are granted to exporters who use imported...

Nontechnical Summary (2007)

Bernard Hoekman, Constantine Michalopoulos, Maurice Schiff, David Tarr, Brad Mcdonald, Richard Newfarmer, ...

Poverty Reduction Strategy sourcebook as a guide to help the least developed countries employ trade

World Bank Trade seminar for very helpful comments and suggestions. We are also grateful to Lili Tabada (2007)

Alessandro Nicita, Marcelo Olarreaga, Garry Pursell, Maurice Schiff, Isidro Soloaga, David Tarr, ...

Abstract: Exporters ’ performance in a particular market may affect their future exports to the rest of the world. Importers may base their future transaction decisions upon the information...

Director, Copenhagen Economics (2007)

Jesper Jensen, David Tarr, Dorsati Madani, Radwan Shaban

Acknowledgements: This paper is based on a mission to Iran in October-November 2000 which led to the report World Bank (2001). The authors would like to thank the numerous agencies in Iran that...

email correspondence (1995)

Glenn W. Harrison, Thomas F. Rutherford, David G. Tarr, Angelo Gurgel, Jel F, David Tarr, ...

The authors would like to thank the seminar participants at IPEA in Brasilia and BNDES in Rio de Janeiro, numerous agencies of the government of Brazil and Brazilian institutes and scholars

Second-Best Foreign Exchange Policy in the Presence of Domestic Price Controls and Export Subsidies (1990)

Tarr, David

Poland, like many developing countries, has required its exporters to surrender a share of their foreign exchange earnings to the government at an overvalued exchange rate. During the late 1980s, it...

Form and Content (1973)

Glenn W. Harrison, Thomas F. Rutherford, David G. Tarr, David Tarr

Abstract: Using a multi-sector multi-country computable general equilibrium model, we examine Chile’s strategy of negotiating bilateral free trade agreements with all of its significant trading...

How integration into the Central African Economic and Monetary Community affects Cameroon's economy: general equilibrium estimates

Bakoup, Ferdinand, Tarr, David

The authors quantify the impact on Cameroon of three aspects of its new regional trade agreement with the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (the CEMAC agreement): i) improved access to...

Morocco's free trade agreement with the European community : a quantitative assessment

Rutherford, Thomas F., Rutstrom, E.E., Tarr, David

Morocco is interested in developing a reciprocal free trade agreement with the European Community (EC), although it already enjoys free access to EC markets in industrial products and is not...

Product standards, imperfect competition and completion of the market in the European Union

Harrison, Glenn, Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David

The authors model the static and steady-state effects on trade, production, and market structure of completion of the European Union's (EU's) internal market. The impetus for change comes from the...

Telecommunications reform within Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization

Jensen, Jesper, Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David

In World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations, telecommunications is always a sector that receives close scrutiny by the WTO Working Party, and the extent of market access and...

Revenue raising taxes : general equilibrium evaluation of alternative taxation in U.S. petroleum industries

De Melo, Jaime, Stanton, Julie, Tarr, David

Should the United States increase taxes and tariffs in the energy sector to reduce its federal deficit? This paper uses a twelve sector general equilibrium model to estimate the fiscal effects, and...

Trade and direct investment in producer services and the domestic market for expertise

James Markusen, Thomas Rutherford, David Tarr

Foreign producer services can provide substantial benefits for domestic firms. We build on earlier monopolistic-competition models of intermediate producer services in this paper. Results show that:...

The economics of customs unions in the Commonwealth of Independent States

Michalopoulos, Constantine, Tarr, David

In the aftermath of the breakup of the Soviet Union, trade among the new independent states collapsed. To help reestablish interstate trade, the 12 members of the Commonwealth of independent States...

Regional, multilateral, and unilateral trade policies on MERCOSUR for growth and poverty reduction in Brazil

Harrison, Glenn W., Rutherford, Thomas F., Tarr,David, Gurgel, Angelo

The authors estimate that the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA), the EU-MERCOSUR agreement, and multilateral trade policy changes will all be beneficial for Brazil. The Brazilian government...

Foreign direct investment in services and the domestic market for expertise

Markusen, James, Rutherford, Thomas F., Tarr, David

A growing body of evidence suggests that the close availability of diverse business services is important for economic growth. Producer services such as managerial and engineering consulting can...

Rules of thumb for evaluating preferential trading arrangements : evidence from computable general equilibrium assessments

Glenn W. Harrison, Thomas F. Rutherford, Tarr,David

Most interesting results on the welfare effects of regional arrangements are ambiguous at a theoretical level. Many questions only have quantitative answers that are specific to the particular...

Trade policy reform and poverty alleviation

Hoekman, Bernard, Michalopoulos, Constantine, Schiff, Maurice, Tarr, David

In this paper, developed as part of the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Sourcebook, the authors examine how to implement trade liberalization as part of a strategy for alleviating poverty in...

Regional impacts of Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization

Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David

In this paper we develop a computable general equilibrium model of the regions of Russia to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the regions of Russia. We estimate...

Industrial Policy in the Presence of Wage Distortion: The Case of the US Auto and Steel Industries

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper examines the welfare effects of protection in two sectors characterized by high wage premia, autos and steel, to determine if protection is justified to correct for the labor misallocation...

The impact of Kazakhstan accession to the World Trade Organization : a quantitative assessment

Jensen, Jesper, Tarr, David

In this paper the authors use a computable general equilibrium model of the Kazakhstan economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which encompasses (1) improved...

The Impact of Liberalizing Barriers to Foreign Direct Investment in Services: The Case of Russian Accession to the World Trade Organization

Jesper Jensen, Thomas Rutherford, David Tarr

In this paper a computable general equilibrium model of the Russian economy is used to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which encompasses improved market access,...

Industrial Policy in the Presence of Wage Distortions: The Case of the U.S. Auto and Steel Industries.

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper examines the welfare effects of protection in two high wage premia sectors--autos and steel--to determine if protection is justified to correct for the labor misallocation due to the wage...

Adjusting to trade policy reform

Matusz, Steven J., Tarr, David

Virtually all of the studies that quantify the adjustment costs of trade liberalization relative to the benefits point to the conclusion that adjustment costs are small in relation to the benefits of...

Trade, foreign exchange, and energy policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran : reform agenda, economic implications, and impact on the poor

Jensen, Jesper, Tarr, David

The Islamic Republic of Iran has committed itself to substantial trade and market reform in its Third Five-Year Development Plan. It started out with nontariff barriers on all products, a dual...

The impact of liberalizing barriers to foreign direct investment in services - the case of Russian accession to the World Trade Organization

Jensen, Jesper, Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David

The authors use a computable general equilibrium model of the Russian economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), which encompasses improved market access, tariff...

Poverty effects of Russia's WTO accession : modeling"real"households and endogenous productivity effects

Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David, Shepotylo, Oleksandr

The authors use a computable general equilibrium comparative static model of the Russian economy to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on income distribution and the...

The impact on Russia of WTO accession and the Doha agenda : the importance of liberalization of barriers against foreign direct investment in services for growth and poverty reduction

Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David, Shepotylo, Oleksandr

Taking price changes from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model of world trade, the authors use a small open economy computable general equilibrium comparative static model of the Russian...

Introduction and summary to the Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS

Tarr, David, Navaretti, Giorgio Barba

This paper is the introduction and summary chapter of the 43 chapter volume entitled Handbook of Trade Policy and WTO Accession for Development in Russia and the CIS. The key policy conclusions of...

Do wage distortions justify protection in the U.S. auto and steel industries?

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper models endogenous union-induced labor market distortions in applied general equilibrium. It also investigates systematically the impact of labor market distortions under different market...

Trade and payments arrangements in post-CMEA Eastern and Central Europe

Michalopoulos, Constantine, Tarr, David

A web of trade and payments arrangements binds countries of Eastern and Central Europe under the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) agreements. However, it is incompatible with these...

VERs under imperfect competition and foreign direct investment : a case study of the U.S. - Japan auto VER

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

In 1981, the United States (U.S.) induced the Japanese to agree to a voluntary export restraint (VER) on their export of autos to the U.S. The countries negotiated the VERagainst a backdrop of...

The terms-of-trade effects from the elimination of state trading in Soviet - Hungarian trade

Oblath, Gabor, Tarr, David

Economists have debated whether the Soviet Union subsidized trade with its Eastern European partners in the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). Effective January 1, 1991, former CMEA...

Trade liberalization and the transition to a market economy

Havrylyshyn, Oleh, Tarr, David

The focus of this paper is on the transition from a trade regime in a socialist economy to one based on a (more) liberal market economy. Thus, there is no need to detail the past and current nature...

When does rent-seeking augment the benefits of price and trade reform on rationed commodities? : estimates for automobiles and color televisions in Poland

Tarr, David

To assess the impact of price and trade reform on the Polish market for autos and color televisions, the author has developed a differentiated product model in which consumers maximize utility and...

Welfare costs of U.S. quotas on textiles, steel, and autos

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper deals with the problems of partial equlibrium analysis by presenting estimates from a static ten sector computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the U.S. economy calibrated to the...

Trade, Exchange Rate, and Energy Pricing Reform in Iran: Potentially Large Efficiency Effects and Gains to the Poor

Jesper Jensen, David Tarr

Iran is committed to substantial trade and market reform in its Third Five Year Development Plan. It started, however, with nontariff barriers on all products, a dual exchange rate regime with the...

The structure of import tariffs in the Russian Federation : 2001-05

Shepotylo, Oleksandr, Tarr, David

The Russian tariffstructure contains over 11,000 tariff lines of which about 1,700 use the so-called"combined"tariff rate system. For the combined system tariff lines, the actual tariff applied by...

Russian WTO accession : what has been accomplished, what can be expected

Tarr, David

This paper summarizes the principal reform commitments that Russia has undertaken as part of its World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations, providing detailed assessments in banking,...

Welfare Costs of US Quotas in Textiles, Steel and Autos

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper quantifies welfare costs and resource shifts that would occur if US quantitative restrictions in textiles, steel and autos were removed. Estimates are derived from a static ten-sector...

VERs Under Imperfect Competition and Foreign Direct Investment: A Case Study of the US-Japan Auto VER

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper simulates the costs of the US-Japan auto VER. Under a standard constant returns to scale (CRTS) formulation, the costs are estimated at about $10 billion. It then sequentially introduces...

Welfare Costs of U.S. Quotas in Textiles, Steel and Autos.

De Melo, Jaime, Tarr, David

This paper quantifies the welfare effects and resource shifts that would occur if U.S. quantitative restrictions in textiles, steel, and autos were removed. Estimates are derived from a static...

Regional household and poverty effects of Russia's accession to the world trade organization

Rutherford, Thomas, Tarr, David

This paper develops a seven-region comparative static computable general equilibrium model of Russia to assess the impact of accession tothe World Trade Organization on these seven regions (the...

Foreign Direct Investments in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise

James R. Markusen, Thomas F. Rutherford, David Tarr

Producer services such as managerial and engineering consulting can provide domestic firms with the substantial benefits of specialized knowledge that would be costly in terms of both time and money...

Impact of Local Content Restrictions and Barriers Against Foreign Direct Investment in Services: The Case of Kazakhstan's Accession to the World Trade Organization

Jesper Jensen, David Tarr

We employ a computable general equilibrium model of the Kazakh economy to assess the effect of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). Our model incorporates foreign direct investment by...

Specific Tariffs, Tariff Simplification, and the Structure of Import Tariffs in Russia, 2001-2005

Oleksandr Shepotylo, David Tarr

The Russian tariff structure contains over 11,000 tariff lines. Of these, a specific tariff may apply for about 1,700. Due to a new data set, this is the first paper to accurately assess tariff...