Heidler, K., Kunzelmann, S., Lautenschlager, H., Jaeckle, R.
An electronic clock has at least one pointer (14, 15) and a dial (22, 26) and a clock work (9) connected to an energy storage mechanism. The dial (26) is placed on the rear side of a fluorescent...
Realistic reporting conditions -RRC- for site-dependent energy rating of PV devices (1993)
Raicu, A., Heidler, K., Kleiss, G., Bücher, K.
The RRC method /6,7/ provides a general, realistic, site-dependent approach for energy rating under realistic environmental conditions. New aspects of the dependence of the RRC efficiency deviation...
Es wird ein Überblick über den Forschungsstand des BMFT-Projektes "Physikalisches Verhalten und energetische Bewertung von Solarzellen mit einem oder mehreren Übergängen unter realistischen...
Kleiss, G., Bücher, K., Raicu, A., Heidler, K.
Test cells made of two thin film materials are investigated under realistic reporting conditions: a- Si-H and CuInSe2. Basically a-Si-H cells exhibit strong spectral effects and small temperature...
Kalibrierung in der Photovoltaik-Meßtechnik und praktische Relevanz (1992)
Der Nutzen von Präzisionsmessungen an Solarzellen wird dargestellt. Die Grundlagen für die Bestimmung der spektralen Empfindlichkeit, der I/U-Kennlinie und des Wirkungsgrades werden erläutert.
Progress in the measurement of multi-junction devices at ISE (1991)
Bücher, K., Heidler, K., Müller-Bierl, B., Schönecker, A.
The ISE calibration laboratory is extending its facilities to measure multi-junction devices. In this paper we discuss a new reference cell method with software pre-selection of the simulator setting...
Measurement of multi-junction solar cells (1991)
In this paper, first the different measurement techniques for the I-V parameters of multi-junction solar cells are analyzed and arranged in categories. Some of the methods which have been deduced...
Bücher, K., Heidler, K., Kleiß, G., Raicu, A.
The realistic reporting conditions (RRC) efficiency gives a site-dependent characterisation for solar cells, accounting for differences due to the variability of specific meteorological conditions...
Bücher, K., Heidler, K., Raicu, A.
As the assessment of solar cells for standard reporting conditions (SRC) (1000 W/qm, 25 degree C, AMI.5 reference spectrum) can be misleading when used for optimising solar cell design and PV plant...
Im Rahmen eines BMFT-Vorhabens wurde in den letzten vier Jahren das ISE-Kalibrierlabor für Photovoltaik aufgebaut. Auf der Basis der dabei aufgebauten Apparaturen und der damit gewonnenen...
Photovoltaic measurements and calibration (1990)
The measurement facilities of the PV-calibration laboratory of the Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) are presented. Calibration of PV devices of an area up to 10 x 10 qcm can be...
Metzdorf, J., Wittchen, T., Dehne, K., Shimokawa, R., Nagamine, F., Ossenbrink, H., ...
An international intercomparison on the calibration of reference solar cells and PV modules was carried out in 1987 to 1989. Results of comprehensive measurements by the participants on 8 reference...
Heidler, K., Raicu, A., Wilson, H.R.
Usually solar cells are assessed using the efficiency at standard reporting conditions (SRC; 1000W/qm;25 degree C; AM 1,5 reference spectrum). The efficiency of a solar cell exposed to outdoor...
Raicu, A., Heidler, K., Wilson, H.R.
At the Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems, the spectral distribution of the solar radiation has been measured since 1981. This paper discusses a new measurement stand for determining the...
Metzdorf, J., Wittchen, T., Hünerhoff, D., Nawo, B., Heidler, K.
Aufgabe des Vorhabens war die Vorbereitung, Durchführung und Auswertung des zweiten internationalen Rundvergleichs von terrestrischen Referenz-Solarzellen und photovoltaischen Modulen (PEP '87 Round...
Realistic reporting conditions efficiency - new algorithm for the assessment of solar cells (1989)
Fischer, H., Heidler, K., Raicu, A., Wilson, H.R.
Standard reporting conditions (SRC: 1000 W/square meter, 20 degree C, AM1.5 standard spectrum) provide a useful basis for comparison of solar cell efficiency measurements. As these conditions never...
Fischer, H., Heidler, K., Kunzelmann, S.
Non-uniformity of the irradiance in the test plane of a solar simulator leads to errors in the determination of the incident radiation power, hence in the efficiency if reference cell and test cell...
Heidler, K., Kunzelmann, S., Lautenschlager, H.
The invention relates to an information sign bearing an inscribed fluorescent collector (1) which can be illuminated by means of light sources (11) which are coupled to the edges (10) of the...
A detailed uncertainty analysis of the solar simulator method for measuring PV efficiencies of crystalline Si solar cells leads to a 2.3 % uncertainty limit (resp. plus minus 4.4 % for linear...
Präzisionsmeßplatz für den Wirkungsgrad von Solarzellen (1988)
Beier, J., Fischer, H., Heidler, K., Kamps, G., Kunzelmann, S., Zastrow, A.
A new precision measurement facility for solar cell efficiency has been installed with an actual overall measurement uncertainty of plus minus 2,3%. The measurement method and the experimental set-up...
A high electrical efficiency FPC stack/III-V solar cell system with an active area of 400 square cm has been planned, built and characterized under outdoor conditions. The optimum configuration with...
Fluorescent concentrator stack with III-V solar cells (1988)
Heidler, K., Kamps, G., Kunzelmann, S.
Fluorescent planar concentrator stacks combine the effect of light concentration and spectral splitting of the solar irradiation. III-V solar cells offer the possibility of spectrally matching the...
A FPC stack/GaAlAs solar cell system has been optimized using a Monte-Carlo computer model. The calculations show that the overall electrical efficiency can be increased and the thermal relaxation...
Improvement of efficiency and stability of fluorescent planar concentrators (FPCs) (1983)
Goetzberger, A., Heidler, K., Zastrow, A., Wittwer, V., Wilson, H.R.