Richard J. Kuhn

Sindbis virus nucleocapsid assembly: RNA folding promotes capsid protein dimerization (2004)

LINGER, BENJAMIN R., KUNOVSKA, LYUDMYLA, KUHN, RICHARD J., GOLDEN, BARBARA L.

In Sindbis virus, initiation of nucleocapsid core assembly begins with recognition of the encapsidation signal of the viral RNA genome by capsid protein. This nucleation event drives the recruitment...

Design, expression, and purification of a Flaviviridae polymerase using a high-throughput approach to facilitate crystal structure determination (2004)

Choi, Kyung H., Groarke, James M., Young, Dorothy C., Rossmann, Michael G., Pevear, Daniel C., Kuhn, Richard J., ...

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) nonstructural protein 5B is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, essential for viral replication. Initial attempts to crystallize a soluble form of the 695-residue BVDV...

Reactive Oxygen Species Formation by UV-A Irradiation of Urocanic Acid and the Role of Trace Metals in This Chemistry¶ (2003)

Elton L. Menon, Rushika Perera, Richard J. Kuhn, Harry Morrison

We have extended our study of the decomposition of urocanic acid (UCA) with ultraviolet A radiation (UV-A) by the self-sensitized generation of singlet oxygen (see Photochem. Photobiol. 75, 565...

Aura Virus Structure Suggests that the T=4 Organization Is a Fundamental Property of Viral Structural Proteins (2002)

Zhang, Wei, Fisher, Bonnie R., Olson, Norman H., Strauss, James H., Kuhn, Richard J., Baker, Timothy S.

Aura and Sindbis viruses are closely related alphaviruses. Unlike other alphaviruses, Aura virus efficiently encapsidates both genomic RNA (11.8 kb) and subgenomic RNA (4.2 kb) to form virus...

Structure of decay-accelerating factor bound to echovirus 7: a virus-receptor complex. (2002)

He, Yongning, Lin, Feng, Chipman, Paul R., Bator, Carol M., Baker, Timothy S., Shoham, Menachem, ...

Echoviruses are enteroviruses that belong to Picornaviridae. Many echoviruses use decay-accelerating factor (DAF) as their cellular receptor. DAF is a glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored...

An Amino Acid Substitution in the Coding Region of the E2 Glycoprotein Adapts Ross River Virus To Utilize Heparan Sulfate as an Attachment Moiety (2001)

Heil, Marintha L., Albee, Alison, Strauss, James H., Kuhn, Richard J.

Passage of Ross River virus strain NB5092 in avian cells has been previously shown to select for virus variants that have enhanced replication in these cells. Sequencing of these variants identified...

Photobiological Properties of Positively Charged Methylene Violet Analogs (2000)

Melissa A. Houghtaling, Rushika Perera, Katherine E. Owen, Stephen Wagner, Richard J. Kuhn, Harry Morrison

O-Methyl methylene violet (OMeMV), O-methyl bromomethylene violet (OMeBrMV) and O-methyl iodomethylene violet (OMeIMV) have been prepared in order to test their potential utility as anti-viral and...

Nucleocapsid-glycoprotein interactions required for assembly of alphaviruses (1994)

López, Susana, Yao, Jian-Sheng, Kuhn, Richard J., Strauss, Ellen G., Strauss, James H.

We have studied interactions between nucleocapsids and glycoproteins required for budding of alphaviruses, using Ross River virus-Sindbis virus chimeras in which the nucleocapsid protein is derived...

Attenuation of Sindbis virus neurovirulence by using defined mutations in nontranslated regions of the genome RNA (1992)

Kuhn, Richard J., Griffin, Diane E., Zhang, Hong, Niesters, Hubert G. M., Strauss, James H.

We examined a panel of Sindbis virus mutants containing defined mutations in the 5' nontranslated region of the genome RNA, in the 3' nontranslated region, or in both for their growth in cultured...

Characterization of poliovirus clones containing lethal and nonlethal mutations in the genome-linked protein VPg (1990)

Reuer, Quentin, Kuhn, Richard J., Wimmer, Eckard

Viral RNA synthesis was assayed in HeLa cells transfected with nonviable poliovirus RNA mutated in the genome-linked protein VPg-coding region. The transfecting RNA was transcribed in vitro from...

Mutagenesis of the 3' nontranslated region of Sindbis virus RNA (1990)

Kuhn, Richard J., Hong, Zhang, Strauss, James H.

A cDNA clone from which infectious RNA can be transcribed was used to construct 42 site-specific mutations in the 3' nontranslated region of the Sindbis virus genome. The majority of these mutations...

Poliovirus type 1/type 3 antigenic hybrid virus constructed in vitro elicits type 1 and type 3 neutralizing antibodies in rabbits and monkeys (1988)

Murray, Michael G., Kuhn, Richard J., Arita, Mineo, Kawamura, Noriyuki, Nomoto, Akio, Wimmer, Eckard

Poliovirus exists as three stable serotypes (PV-1, PV-2, and PV-3). These viruses display three antigenic sites each, designated N-AgI, N-AgII, and N-AgIII. When mice are immunized with poliovirus,...

Construction of a "mutagenesis cartridge" for poliovirus genome-linked viral protein: Isolation and characterization of viable and nonviable mutants (1988)

Kuhn, Richard J., Tada, Hiroomi, Ypma-Wong, Mary Frances, Dunn, John J., Semler, Bert L., Wimmer, Eckard

By following a strategy of genetic analysis of poliovirus, we have constructed a synthetic "mutagenesis cartridge" spanning the genome-linked viral protein coding region and flanking cleavage sites...

Interaction of the poliovirus receptor with poliovirus

He, Yongning, Bowman, Valorie D., Mueller, Steffen, Bator, Carol M., Bella, Jordi, Peng, Xiaozhong, ...

The structure of the extracellular, three-domain poliovirus receptor (CD155) complexed with poliovirus (serotype 1) has been determined to 22-Å resolution by means of cryo-electron microscopy and...

Nucleic Acid-Dependent Cross-Linking of the Nucleocapsid Protein of Sindbis Virus

Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Kuhn, Richard J.

The assembly of the alphavirus nucleocapsid core is a multistep event requiring the association of the nucleocapsid protein with nucleic acid and the subsequent oligomerization of capsid proteins...

In Vitro Assembly of Alphavirus Cores by Using Nucleocapsid Protein Expressed in Escherichia coli

Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Hamburger, Agnes E., Fisher, Bonnie R., Ostendorp, Ralf, Kuhn, Richard J.

The production of the alphavirus virion is a multistep event requiring the assembly of the nucleocapsid core in the cytoplasm and the maturation of the glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and...

Alphavirus Nucleocapsid Protein Contains a Putative Coiled Coil α-Helix Important for Core Assembly

Perera, Rushika, Owen, Katherine E., Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Gorbalenya, Alexander E., Kuhn, Richard J.

The alphavirus nucleocapsid core is formed through the energetic contributions of multiple noncovalent interactions mediated by the capsid protein. This protein consists of a poorly conserved...

An Amino Acid Substitution in the Coding Region of the E2 Glycoprotein Adapts Ross River Virus To Utilize Heparan Sulfate as an Attachment Moiety

Heil, Marintha L., Albee, Alison, Strauss, James H., Kuhn, Richard J.

Passage of Ross River virus strain NB5092 in avian cells has been previously shown to select for virus variants that have enhanced replication in these cells. Sequencing of these variants identified...

Interaction of Coxsackievirus A21 with Its Cellular Receptor, ICAM-1

Xiao, Chuan, Bator, Carol M., Bowman, Valorie D., Rieder, Elizabeth, He, Yongning, Hébert, Benoît, ...

Coxsackievirus A21 (CAV21), like human rhinoviruses (HRVs), is a causative agent of the common cold. It uses the same cellular receptor, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), as does the major...

Ross River Virus Glycoprotein-Pseudotyped Retroviruses and Stable Cell Lines for Their Production

Sharkey, C. Matthew, North, Cynthia L., Kuhn, Richard J., Sanders, David Avram

Pseudotyped retroviruses have important applications as vectors for gene transfer and gene therapy and as tools for the study of viral glycoprotein function. Recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus...

In Vitro Assembly of Sindbis Virus Core-Like Particles from Cross-Linked Dimers of Truncated and Mutant Capsid Proteins

Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Perera, Rushika, Kuhn, Richard J.

A nucleic acid-bound capsid protein dimer was previously identified using a Sindbis virus in vitro nucleocapsid assembly system and cross-linking reagents. Cross-link mapping, in combination with a...

Structure of decay-accelerating factor bound to echovirus 7: A virus-receptor complex

He, Yongning, Lin, Feng, Chipman, Paul R., Bator, Carol M., Baker, Timothy S., Shoham, Menachem, ...

Echoviruses are enteroviruses that belong to Picornaviridae. Many echoviruses use decay-accelerating factor (DAF) as their cellular receptor. DAF is a glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored...

Aura Virus Structure Suggests that the T=4 Organization Is a Fundamental Property of Viral Structural Proteins

Zhang, Wei, Fisher, Bonnie R., Olson, Norman H., Strauss, James H., Kuhn, Richard J., Baker, Timothy S.

Aura and Sindbis viruses are closely related alphaviruses. Unlike other alphaviruses, Aura virus efficiently encapsidates both genomic RNA (11.8 kb) and subgenomic RNA (4.2 kb) to form virus...

In Vitro-Assembled Alphavirus Core-Like Particles Maintain a Structure Similar to That of Nucleocapsid Cores in Mature Virus

Mukhopadhyay, Suchetana, Chipman, Paul R., Hong, Eunmee M., Kuhn, Richard J., Rossmann, Michael G.

In vitro-assembled core-like particles produced from alphavirus capsid protein and nucleic acid were studied by cryoelectron microscopy. These particles were found to have a diameter of 420 Å with...

Placement of the Structural Proteins in Sindbis Virus

Zhang, Wei, Mukhopadhyay, Suchetana, Pletnev, Sergei V., Baker, Timothy S., Kuhn, Richard J., Rossmann, Michael G.

The structure of the lipid-enveloped Sindbis virus has been determined by fitting atomic resolution crystallographic structures of component proteins into an 11-Å resolution cryoelectron microscopy...

Complexes of Poliovirus Serotypes with Their Common Cellular Receptor, CD155

He, Yongning, Mueller, Steffen, Chipman, Paul R., Bator, Carol M., Peng, Xiaozhong, Bowman, Valorie D., ...

Structures of all three poliovirus (PV) serotypes (PV1, PV2, and PV3) complexed with their cellular receptor, PV receptor (PVR or CD155), were determined by cryoelectron microscopy. Both glycosylated...

Flavivirus Capsid Is a Dimeric Alpha-Helical Protein

Jones, Christopher T., Ma, Lixin, Burgner, John W., Groesch, Teresa D., Post, Carol B., Kuhn, Richard J.

The capsid proteins of two flaviviruses, yellow fever virus and dengue virus, were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity suitable for biochemical characterization and...

Structures of immature flavivirus particles

Zhang, Ying, Corver, Jeroen, Chipman, Paul R., Zhang, Wei, Pletnev, Sergei V., Sedlak, Dagmar, ...

Structures of prM-containing dengue and yellow fever virus particles were determined to 16 and 25 Å resolution, respectively, by cryoelectron microscopy and image reconstruction techniques. The...

A Heterologous Coiled Coil Can Substitute for Helix I of the Sindbis Virus Capsid Protein

Perera, Rushika, Navaratnarajah, Chanakha, Kuhn, Richard J.

Alphavirus core assembly proceeds along an assembly pathway involving a dimeric assembly intermediate. Several regions of the alphavirus capsid protein have been implicated in promoting and...

Solution structure of dengue virus capsid protein reveals another fold

Ma, Lixin, Jones, Christopher T., Groesch, Teresa D., Kuhn, Richard J., Post, Carol Beth

Dengue virus is responsible for ≈50–100 million infections, resulting in nearly 24,000 deaths annually. The capsid (C) protein of dengue virus is essential for specific encapsidation of the RNA...

The structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from bovine viral diarrhea virus establishes the role of GTP in de novo initiation

Choi, Kyung H., Groarke, James M., Young, Dorothy C., Kuhn, Richard J., Smith, Janet L., Pevear, Daniel C., ...

The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase can initiate RNA replication by a de novo mechanism without a primer. The structure of BVDV polymerase, determined to 2.9-Å...

Structure of the Flavivirus Helicase: Implications for Catalytic Activity, Protein Interactions, and Proteolytic Processing

Wu, Jinhua, Bera, Aloke Kumar, Kuhn, Richard J., Smith, Janet L.

Yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flavivirus genus, has a plus-sense RNA genome encoding a single polyprotein. Viral protein NS3 includes a protease and a helicase that are essential to virus...

Sindbis virus nucleocapsid assembly: RNA folding promotes capsid protein dimerization

LINGER, BENJAMIN R., KUNOVSKA, LYUDMYLA, KUHN, RICHARD J., GOLDEN, BARBARA L.

In Sindbis virus, initiation of nucleocapsid core assembly begins with recognition of the encapsidation signal of the viral RNA genome by capsid protein. This nucleation event drives the recruitment...

Interaction of the poliovirus receptor with poliovirus

He, Yongning, Bowman, Valorie D., Mueller, Steffen, Bator, Carol M., Bella, Jordi, Peng, Xiaozhong, ...

The structure of the extracellular, three-domain poliovirus receptor (CD155) complexed with poliovirus (serotype 1) has been determined to 22-Å resolution by means of cryo-electron microscopy and...

Nucleic Acid-Dependent Cross-Linking of the Nucleocapsid Protein of Sindbis Virus

Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Kuhn, Richard J.

The assembly of the alphavirus nucleocapsid core is a multistep event requiring the association of the nucleocapsid protein with nucleic acid and the subsequent oligomerization of capsid proteins...

In Vitro Assembly of Alphavirus Cores by Using Nucleocapsid Protein Expressed in Escherichia coli

Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Hamburger, Agnes E., Fisher, Bonnie R., Ostendorp, Ralf, Kuhn, Richard J.

The production of the alphavirus virion is a multistep event requiring the assembly of the nucleocapsid core in the cytoplasm and the maturation of the glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and...

Alphavirus Nucleocapsid Protein Contains a Putative Coiled Coil α-Helix Important for Core Assembly

Perera, Rushika, Owen, Katherine E., Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Gorbalenya, Alexander E., Kuhn, Richard J.

The alphavirus nucleocapsid core is formed through the energetic contributions of multiple noncovalent interactions mediated by the capsid protein. This protein consists of a poorly conserved...

An Amino Acid Substitution in the Coding Region of the E2 Glycoprotein Adapts Ross River Virus To Utilize Heparan Sulfate as an Attachment Moiety

Heil, Marintha L., Albee, Alison, Strauss, James H., Kuhn, Richard J.

Passage of Ross River virus strain NB5092 in avian cells has been previously shown to select for virus variants that have enhanced replication in these cells. Sequencing of these variants identified...

Interaction of Coxsackievirus A21 with Its Cellular Receptor, ICAM-1

Xiao, Chuan, Bator, Carol M., Bowman, Valorie D., Rieder, Elizabeth, He, Yongning, Hébert, Benoît, ...

Coxsackievirus A21 (CAV21), like human rhinoviruses (HRVs), is a causative agent of the common cold. It uses the same cellular receptor, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), as does the major...

Ross River Virus Glycoprotein-Pseudotyped Retroviruses and Stable Cell Lines for Their Production

Sharkey, C. Matthew, North, Cynthia L., Kuhn, Richard J., Sanders, David Avram

Pseudotyped retroviruses have important applications as vectors for gene transfer and gene therapy and as tools for the study of viral glycoprotein function. Recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus...

In Vitro Assembly of Sindbis Virus Core-Like Particles from Cross-Linked Dimers of Truncated and Mutant Capsid Proteins

Tellinghuisen, Timothy L., Perera, Rushika, Kuhn, Richard J.

A nucleic acid-bound capsid protein dimer was previously identified using a Sindbis virus in vitro nucleocapsid assembly system and cross-linking reagents. Cross-link mapping, in combination with a...

Structure of decay-accelerating factor bound to echovirus 7: A virus-receptor complex

He, Yongning, Lin, Feng, Chipman, Paul R., Bator, Carol M., Baker, Timothy S., Shoham, Menachem, ...

Echoviruses are enteroviruses that belong to Picornaviridae. Many echoviruses use decay-accelerating factor (DAF) as their cellular receptor. DAF is a glycosylphosphatidyl inositol-anchored...

Aura Virus Structure Suggests that the T=4 Organization Is a Fundamental Property of Viral Structural Proteins

Zhang, Wei, Fisher, Bonnie R., Olson, Norman H., Strauss, James H., Kuhn, Richard J., Baker, Timothy S.

Aura and Sindbis viruses are closely related alphaviruses. Unlike other alphaviruses, Aura virus efficiently encapsidates both genomic RNA (11.8 kb) and subgenomic RNA (4.2 kb) to form virus...

In Vitro-Assembled Alphavirus Core-Like Particles Maintain a Structure Similar to That of Nucleocapsid Cores in Mature Virus

Mukhopadhyay, Suchetana, Chipman, Paul R., Hong, Eunmee M., Kuhn, Richard J., Rossmann, Michael G.

In vitro-assembled core-like particles produced from alphavirus capsid protein and nucleic acid were studied by cryoelectron microscopy. These particles were found to have a diameter of 420 Å with...

Placement of the Structural Proteins in Sindbis Virus

Zhang, Wei, Mukhopadhyay, Suchetana, Pletnev, Sergei V., Baker, Timothy S., Kuhn, Richard J., Rossmann, Michael G.

The structure of the lipid-enveloped Sindbis virus has been determined by fitting atomic resolution crystallographic structures of component proteins into an 11-Å resolution cryoelectron microscopy...

Complexes of Poliovirus Serotypes with Their Common Cellular Receptor, CD155

He, Yongning, Mueller, Steffen, Chipman, Paul R., Bator, Carol M., Peng, Xiaozhong, Bowman, Valorie D., ...

Structures of all three poliovirus (PV) serotypes (PV1, PV2, and PV3) complexed with their cellular receptor, PV receptor (PVR or CD155), were determined by cryoelectron microscopy. Both glycosylated...

Flavivirus Capsid Is a Dimeric Alpha-Helical Protein

Jones, Christopher T., Ma, Lixin, Burgner, John W., Groesch, Teresa D., Post, Carol B., Kuhn, Richard J.

The capsid proteins of two flaviviruses, yellow fever virus and dengue virus, were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity suitable for biochemical characterization and...

Structures of immature flavivirus particles

Zhang, Ying, Corver, Jeroen, Chipman, Paul R., Zhang, Wei, Pletnev, Sergei V., Sedlak, Dagmar, ...

Structures of prM-containing dengue and yellow fever virus particles were determined to 16 and 25 Å resolution, respectively, by cryoelectron microscopy and image reconstruction techniques. The...

A Heterologous Coiled Coil Can Substitute for Helix I of the Sindbis Virus Capsid Protein

Perera, Rushika, Navaratnarajah, Chanakha, Kuhn, Richard J.

Alphavirus core assembly proceeds along an assembly pathway involving a dimeric assembly intermediate. Several regions of the alphavirus capsid protein have been implicated in promoting and...

Solution structure of dengue virus capsid protein reveals another fold

Ma, Lixin, Jones, Christopher T., Groesch, Teresa D., Kuhn, Richard J., Post, Carol Beth

Dengue virus is responsible for ≈50–100 million infections, resulting in nearly 24,000 deaths annually. The capsid (C) protein of dengue virus is essential for specific encapsidation of the RNA...

The structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from bovine viral diarrhea virus establishes the role of GTP in de novo initiation

Choi, Kyung H., Groarke, James M., Young, Dorothy C., Kuhn, Richard J., Smith, Janet L., Pevear, Daniel C., ...

The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase can initiate RNA replication by a de novo mechanism without a primer. The structure of BVDV polymerase, determined to 2.9-Å...

Structure of the Flavivirus Helicase: Implications for Catalytic Activity, Protein Interactions, and Proteolytic Processing

Wu, Jinhua, Bera, Aloke Kumar, Kuhn, Richard J., Smith, Janet L.

Yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flavivirus genus, has a plus-sense RNA genome encoding a single polyprotein. Viral protein NS3 includes a protease and a helicase that are essential to virus...

Sindbis virus nucleocapsid assembly: RNA folding promotes capsid protein dimerization

LINGER, BENJAMIN R., KUNOVSKA, LYUDMYLA, KUHN, RICHARD J., GOLDEN, BARBARA L.

In Sindbis virus, initiation of nucleocapsid core assembly begins with recognition of the encapsidation signal of the viral RNA genome by capsid protein. This nucleation event drives the recruitment...

Alphavirus Capsid Protein Helix I Controls a Checkpoint in Nucleocapsid Core Assembly

Hong, Eunmee M., Perera, Rushika, Kuhn, Richard J.

The assembly of the alphavirus nucleocapsid core has been investigated using an in vitro assembly system. The C-terminal two-thirds of capsid protein (CP), residues 81 to 264 in Sindbis virus (SINV),...

Catalytic Core of Alphavirus Nonstructural Protein nsP4 Possesses Terminal Adenylyltransferase Activity

Tomar, Shailly, Hardy, Richard W., Smith, Janet L., Kuhn, Richard J.

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase nsP4 is an integral part of the alphavirus replication complex. To define the role of nsP4 in viral RNA replication and for a structure-function analysis, we...

West Nile virus in complex with the Fab fragment of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody

Kaufmann, Bärbel, Nybakken, Grant E., Chipman, Paul R., Zhang, Wei, Diamond, Michael S., Fremont, Daved H., ...

Flaviviruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), are significant human pathogens. The humoral immune response plays an important role in the control of flavivirus infection and disease. The structure of...

Functional Requirements of the Yellow Fever Virus Capsid Protein▿

Patkar, Chinmay G., Jones, Christopher T., Chang, Yu-hsuan, Warrier, Ranjit, Kuhn, Richard J.

Although it is known that the flavivirus capsid protein is essential for genome packaging and formation of infectious particles, the minimal requirements of the dimeric capsid protein for virus...

Structure of Immature West Nile Virus▿

Zhang, Ying, Kaufmann, Bärbel, Chipman, Paul R., Kuhn, Richard J., Rossmann, Michael G.

The structure of immature West Nile virus particles, propagated in the presence of ammonium chloride to block virus maturation in the low-pH environment of the trans-Golgi network, was determined by...

Characterization of the Early Events in Dengue Virus Cell Entry by Biochemical Assays and Single-Virus Tracking▿ †

Van Der Schaar, Hilde M., Rust, Michael J., Waarts, Barry-Lee, Kuhn, Richard J., Wilschut, Jan, ...

In this study, we investigated the cell entry characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) type 2 strain S1 on mosquito, BHK-15, and BS-C-1 cells. The concentration of virus particles measured by...

Design, expression, and purification of a Flaviviridae polymerase using a high-throughput approach to facilitate crystal structure determination

Choi, Kyung H., Groarke, James M., Young, Dorothy C., Rossmann, Michael G., Pevear, Daniel C., Kuhn, Richard J., ...

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) nonstructural protein 5B is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, essential for viral replication. Initial attempts to crystallize a soluble form of the 695-residue BVDV...

Yellow Fever Virus NS3 Plays an Essential Role in Virus Assembly Independent of Its Known Enzymatic Functions▿

Patkar, Chinmay G., Kuhn, Richard J.

In flaviviruses it has been proposed that there is a coupling between genome replication and virion assembly and that nonstructural proteins are involved in this process. It was previously reported...

Role of Sindbis Virus Capsid Protein Region II in Nucleocapsid Core Assembly and Encapsidation of Genomic RNA▿

Warrier, Ranjit, Linger, Benjamin R., Golden, Barbara L., Kuhn, Richard J.

Sindbis virus is an enveloped positive-sense RNA virus in the alphavirus genus. The nucleocapsid core contains the genomic RNA surrounded by 240 copies of a single capsid protein. The capsid protein...

Role for Conserved Residues of Sindbis Virus Nonstructural Protein 2 Methyltransferase-Like Domain in Regulation of Minus-Strand Synthesis and Development of Cytopathic Infection▿ †

Geders, Todd W., Smith, Janet L., Kuhn, Richard J.

The plus-strand RNA genome of Sindbis virus (SINV) encodes four nonstructural proteins (nsP1 to nsP4) that are involved in the replication of the viral RNA. The ∼800-amino-acid nsP2 consists of an...