Enhancer-dependent interaction between 5' and 3' splice sites in trans. (1995)
Splice-site selection and alternative splicing of nuclear pre-mRNAs can be controlled by splicing enhancers that act by promoting the activity of upstream splice sites. Here we show that RNA...
Melton, D.A., Krieg, P.A., Rebagliati, M.R., Maniatis, T., Zinn, K., Green, M.R.
A simple and efficient method for synthesizing pure single stranded RNAs of virtually any structure is described. This in vitro transcription system is based on the unusually specific RNA synthesis...
Introduction and Expression of a Rabbit ß-globin Gene in Mouse Fibroblasts (1979)
Wold, B., Wigler, M., Lacy, E., Maniatis, T., Silverstein, S., Axel, R.
The cloned chromosomal rabbit ß-globin gene has been introduced into mouse fibroblasts by DNA-mediated gene transfer (transformation). In this report, we examine the expression of the rabbit gene in...
The nitrogen discharge ultraviolet laser (3370Ao) as a tool in embryology / (1967)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Colorado, 1967.
Hedley, M L, Amrein, H, Maniatis, T
We have identified an amino acid sequence in the Drosophila Transformer (Tra) protein that is capable of directing a heterologous protein to nuclear speckles, regions of the nucleus previously shown...
Signal-induced degradation of I kappa B alpha requires site-specific ubiquitination.
Scherer, D C, Brockman, J A, Chen, Z, Maniatis, T, Ballard, D W
The inhibitor protein I kappa B alpha controls the nuclear import of the transcription factor NF-kappa B. The inhibitory activity of I kappa B alpha is regulated from the cytoplasmic compartment by...
Lazar, G, Schaal, T, Maniatis, T, Goodman, H M
We show that the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana has a serine-arginine-rich (SR) protein family whose members contain a phosphoepitope shared by the animal SR family of splicing factors. In...
Enhancer-dependent interaction between 5' and 3' splice sites in trans.
Splice-site selection and alternative splicing of nuclear pre-mRNAs can be controlled by splicing enhancers that act by promoting the activity of upstream splice sites. Here we show that RNA...
The high mobility group protein HMG I(Y) stimulates the binding of a specific isoform of the activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2(195)) to the interferon beta (IFN-beta) gene promoter. HMG I(Y)...
The splicing factor SC35 is required for the first step of the splicing reaction and for the assembly of the earliest ATP-dependent complex detected by native gel electrophoresis (A complex). Here we...
We report the characterization of a distinct regulatory element of the human interferon beta (HuIFN-beta) gene promoter, which we designate PRDIV (positive regulatory domain IV). In previous studies,...
Fu, X D, Mayeda, A, Maniatis, T, Krainer, A R
The human pre-mRNA splicing factors SF2 and SC35 have similar electrophoretic mobilities, and both of them contain an N-terminal ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-type RNA-recognition motif and a C-terminal...
Virus induction of the human beta-interferon (beta-IFN) gene results in an increase in the rate of beta-IFN mRNA synthesis, followed by a rapid postinduction decrease. In this paper, we show that two...
Human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene regulation by virus and lipopolysaccharide.
Goldfeld, A E, Doyle, C, Maniatis, T
We have identified a region of the human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter that is necessary for maximal constitutive, virus-induced, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced...
Neish, A S, Read, M A, Thanos, D, Pine, R, Maniatis, T, Collins, T
Transcription of the vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) gene in endothelial cells is induced by lipopolysaccharide and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor...
We have carried out experiments to determine which members of the rel family of transcription factors are involved in virus induction of the beta interferon (IFN-beta) gene. First, we examined the...
Overlapping positive and negative regulatory domains of the human beta-interferon gene.
Virus or poly(I).poly(C) induction of human beta-interferon gene expression requires a 40-base-pair DNA sequence designated the interferon gene regulatory element (IRE). Previous studies have shown...
Human beta-interferon gene expression is induced by virus or poly(I).poly(C). This induction is due at least in part to an increase in the rate of transcription and does not require protein...
Identification of a functional mammalian spliceosome containing unspliced pre-mRNA.
Abmayr, S M, Reed, R, Maniatis, T
Functional 60S spliceosomes were assembled under conditions that block the first step of the mRNA splicing reaction. This block was imposed by carrying out the splicing reaction in nuclear extracts...
Human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression can be induced primarily in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage by a variety of inducers, including lipopolysaccharide, phorbol...
Expression cloning of the murine interferon gamma receptor cDNA.
A cDNA encoding a receptor for murine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) was isolated from an expression library made from murine thymocytes. The clone was identified by transfecting the library into...
The product of the Drosophila segmentation gene Krüppel was produced in cultured insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. When a cloned Krüppel cDNA sequence was inserted into the...
Melton, D A, Krieg, P A, Rebagliati, M R, Maniatis, T, Zinn, K, Green, M R
A simple and efficient method for synthesizing pure single stranded RNAs of virtually any structure is described. This in vitro transcription system is based on the unusually specific RNA synthesis...
Structure and transcription of the Drosophila mulleri alcohol dehydrogenase genes.
The D. melanogaster Adh gene is transcribed from two different promoters; a proximal (larval) promoter is active during late embryonic and larval stages, and a distal (adult) promoter is active...
Selection of sequences recognized by a DNA binding protein using a preparative southwestern blot.
We have tested the feasibility of using a preparative scale Southwestern blot to select DNA sequences specifically recognized by a DNA binding protein. We constructed a library of random 15-mer...
Myers, R M, Fischer, S G, Maniatis, T, Lerman, L S
The melting behavior of a DNA fragment carrying the mouse beta maj-globin promoter was investigated as a means of establishing procedures for separating DNA fragments differing by any single base...
Myers, R M, Fischer, S G, Lerman, L S, Maniatis, T
Duplex DNA fragments differing by single base substitutions can be separated by electrophoresis in denaturing gradient polyacrylamide gels, but only substitutions in a restricted part of the molecule...
Bovine papillomavirus vector that propagates as a plasmid in both mouse and bacterial cells.
DiMaio, D, Treisman, R, Maniatis, T
We report the construction of a bovine papillomavirus (BPV)-derived recombinant plasmid that propagates as an extrachromosomal element in both mouse and bacterial cells. Plasmids composed of a...
Regulated expression of an extrachromosomal human beta-interferon gene in mouse cells.
Zinn, K, Mellon, P, Ptashne, M, Maniatis, T
Beta(fibroblast)-interferon mRNA and protein are induced by the synthetic double-stranded RNA poly(I) X poly(C) in cultured human fibroblasts. To study the mechanism of this induction, we have...
Tissue-specific DNA methylation in a cluster of rabbit beta-like globin genes.
The relationship between DNA methylation and differential expression of rabbit beta-like globin genes was studied by using restriction enzymes that cleave the sequence C-C-G-G but are differentially...
Expression of the Drosophila melanogaster Adh gene in adults requires a fat body-specific enhancer called the Adh adult enhancer (AAE). We have identified a protein in Drosophila nuclear extracts...
Postinduction turnoff of beta-interferon gene expression.
Viral induction of the human beta-interferon (IFN-beta) gene leads to a transient accumulation of high levels of IFN-beta mRNA. Previous studies have shown that the increase in IFN-beta mRNA levels...
The eukaryotic transcriptional repressor PRDI-BF1 contains five zinc fingers of the C2H2 type, and the protein binds specifically to PRDI, a 14-bp regulatory element of the beta interferon gene...
Inducible processing of interferon regulatory factor-2.
PRDI-BFc and PRDI-BFi are proteins that bind specifically to a regulatory element required for virus induction of the human beta interferon (IFN-beta). PRDI-BFc is a constitutive binding activity,...
Charnay, P, Mellon, P, Maniatis, T
We analyzed the sequences required for transcription of the mouse beta-major-globin gene by introducing deletion and linker scanning mutations into the 5'-flanking region and then studying the...
Activation of the human beta-interferon gene requires an interferon-inducible factor.
Enoch, T, Zinn, K, Maniatis, T
beta-Interferon (beta-IFN) gene expression can be induced by poly(I)-poly(C) or virus, but there is considerable variation in the extent of induction between different cell lines. We characterized...
DiMaio, D, Corbin, V, Sibley, E, Maniatis, T
A gene encoding the heavy chain of an HLA human histocompatibility antigen was isolated from a library of human DNA by recombination and selection in vivo. After insertion into a bovine...
Regulated expression of human alpha- and beta-globin genes in transient heterokaryons.
We have examined the expression of human alpha- and beta-like globin genes in transient heterokaryons formed by fusion of human nonerythroid cells with terminally differentiating mouse...
cis and trans activation of globin gene transcription in transient assays.
Treisman, R, Green, M R, Maniatis, T
We examined the effects of the simian virus 40 enhancer sequence on transcription of cloned human alpha- and beta-globin genes shortly after their introduction into cultured mammalian cells. We find...
Two different virus-inducible elements are required for human beta-interferon gene regulation.
We show that the human beta-interferon gene promoter contains two different virus-inducible regulatory elements, PRDI and PRDII (positive regulatory domains I and II). A single copy of either element...
Introduction and expression of a rabbit beta-globin gene in mouse fibroblasts.
Wold, B, Wigler, M, Lacy, E, Maniatis, T, Silverstein, S, Axel, R
The cloned chromosomal rabbit beta-globin gene has been introduced into mouse fibroblasts by DNA-mediated gene transfer (transformation). In this report, we examine the expression of the rabbit gene...
Nucleotide sequence of the rightward operator of phage lambda.
Maniatis, T, Jeffrey, A, Kleid, D G
The sequence of 72 base pairs of the rightward operator (O-R) of bacteriophage lambda is presented as determined with simple and rapid methods for direct DNA sequencing. The sequence of an operator...
Associations between distinct pre-mRNA splicing components and the cell nucleus.
Spector, D L, Fu, X D, Maniatis, T
SC-35 is a non-snRNP spliceosome component that is specifically recognized by the anti-spliceosome monoclonal antibody alpha SC-35. In this paper we provide direct evidence that SC-35 is an essential...
Amrein, H, Maniatis, T, Nöthiger, R
The Drosophila transformer-2 gene (tra-2) is required for female sex determination in somatic cells and for spermatogenesis in male germ cells. We studied the organization of the tra-2 gene and...
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is expressed in a complex temporal and spatial pattern from tandem promoters (proximal and distal) in Drosophila melanogaster, and from two closely linked genes (Adh-1 and...
Regulation of Drosophila Adh promoter switching by an initiator-targeted repression mechanism.
The stage-specific expression of the Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene is achieved through the alternate activation of two tandem promoters. The proximal promoter is active primarily during...
A systematic analysis of the factors that determine the strength of pre-mRNA splicing enhancers.
Graveley, B R, Hertel, K J, Maniatis, T
We find that the strength of splicing enhancers is determined by the relative activities of the bound serine-arginine (SR)-rich splicing factors, the number of SR proteins within the enhancer complex...
Hertel, K J, Lynch, K W, Hsiao, E C, Liu, E H, Maniatis, T
We have compared the RNA sequences and secondary structures of the Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila virilis doublesex (dsx) splicing enhancers. The sequences of the two splicing enhancers are...
The role of U2AF35 and U2AF65 in enhancer-dependent splicing.
Graveley, B R, Hertel, K J, Maniatis, T
Splicing enhancers are RNA sequence elements that promote the splicing of nearby introns. The mechanism by which these elements act is still unclear. Some experiments support a model in which...
A striking similarity in the organization of the E-selectin and beta interferon gene promoters.
Whitley, M Z, Thanos, D, Read, M A, Maniatis, T, Collins, T
Transcription of the endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (E-selectin or ELAM-1) gene is induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). In...
The Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) genes of two distantly related species, Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila mulleri, display similar, but not identical, patterns of tissue-specific expression in...
Falb, D., Fischer, J., Maniatis, T.
The Adh-2 gene of Drosophila mulleri is expressed in the larval fat body and the adult fat body and hindgut, and a 1500-bp element located 2-3 kb upstream of the Adh-2 promoter is necessary for...
Hedley, M L, Amrein, H, Maniatis, T
We have identified an amino acid sequence in the Drosophila Transformer (Tra) protein that is capable of directing a heterologous protein to nuclear speckles, regions of the nucleus previously shown...
Signal-induced degradation of I kappa B alpha requires site-specific ubiquitination.
Scherer, D C, Brockman, J A, Chen, Z, Maniatis, T, Ballard, D W
The inhibitor protein I kappa B alpha controls the nuclear import of the transcription factor NF-kappa B. The inhibitory activity of I kappa B alpha is regulated from the cytoplasmic compartment by...
Lazar, G, Schaal, T, Maniatis, T, Goodman, H M
We show that the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana has a serine-arginine-rich (SR) protein family whose members contain a phosphoepitope shared by the animal SR family of splicing factors. In...
Enhancer-dependent interaction between 5' and 3' splice sites in trans.
Splice-site selection and alternative splicing of nuclear pre-mRNAs can be controlled by splicing enhancers that act by promoting the activity of upstream splice sites. Here we show that RNA...
The high mobility group protein HMG I(Y) stimulates the binding of a specific isoform of the activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2(195)) to the interferon beta (IFN-beta) gene promoter. HMG I(Y)...
The splicing factor SC35 is required for the first step of the splicing reaction and for the assembly of the earliest ATP-dependent complex detected by native gel electrophoresis (A complex). Here we...
We report the characterization of a distinct regulatory element of the human interferon beta (HuIFN-beta) gene promoter, which we designate PRDIV (positive regulatory domain IV). In previous studies,...
Fu, X D, Mayeda, A, Maniatis, T, Krainer, A R
The human pre-mRNA splicing factors SF2 and SC35 have similar electrophoretic mobilities, and both of them contain an N-terminal ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-type RNA-recognition motif and a C-terminal...
Virus induction of the human beta-interferon (beta-IFN) gene results in an increase in the rate of beta-IFN mRNA synthesis, followed by a rapid postinduction decrease. In this paper, we show that two...
Human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene regulation by virus and lipopolysaccharide.
Goldfeld, A E, Doyle, C, Maniatis, T
We have identified a region of the human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter that is necessary for maximal constitutive, virus-induced, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced...
Neish, A S, Read, M A, Thanos, D, Pine, R, Maniatis, T, Collins, T
Transcription of the vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) gene in endothelial cells is induced by lipopolysaccharide and the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor...
We have carried out experiments to determine which members of the rel family of transcription factors are involved in virus induction of the beta interferon (IFN-beta) gene. First, we examined the...
Overlapping positive and negative regulatory domains of the human beta-interferon gene.
Virus or poly(I).poly(C) induction of human beta-interferon gene expression requires a 40-base-pair DNA sequence designated the interferon gene regulatory element (IRE). Previous studies have shown...
Human beta-interferon gene expression is induced by virus or poly(I).poly(C). This induction is due at least in part to an increase in the rate of transcription and does not require protein...
Identification of a functional mammalian spliceosome containing unspliced pre-mRNA.
Abmayr, S M, Reed, R, Maniatis, T
Functional 60S spliceosomes were assembled under conditions that block the first step of the mRNA splicing reaction. This block was imposed by carrying out the splicing reaction in nuclear extracts...
Human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression can be induced primarily in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage by a variety of inducers, including lipopolysaccharide, phorbol...
Expression cloning of the murine interferon gamma receptor cDNA.
A cDNA encoding a receptor for murine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) was isolated from an expression library made from murine thymocytes. The clone was identified by transfecting the library into...
The product of the Drosophila segmentation gene Krüppel was produced in cultured insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. When a cloned Krüppel cDNA sequence was inserted into the...
Melton, D A, Krieg, P A, Rebagliati, M R, Maniatis, T, Zinn, K, Green, M R
A simple and efficient method for synthesizing pure single stranded RNAs of virtually any structure is described. This in vitro transcription system is based on the unusually specific RNA synthesis...
Structure and transcription of the Drosophila mulleri alcohol dehydrogenase genes.
The D. melanogaster Adh gene is transcribed from two different promoters; a proximal (larval) promoter is active during late embryonic and larval stages, and a distal (adult) promoter is active...
Selection of sequences recognized by a DNA binding protein using a preparative southwestern blot.
We have tested the feasibility of using a preparative scale Southwestern blot to select DNA sequences specifically recognized by a DNA binding protein. We constructed a library of random 15-mer...
Myers, R M, Fischer, S G, Maniatis, T, Lerman, L S
The melting behavior of a DNA fragment carrying the mouse beta maj-globin promoter was investigated as a means of establishing procedures for separating DNA fragments differing by any single base...
Myers, R M, Fischer, S G, Lerman, L S, Maniatis, T
Duplex DNA fragments differing by single base substitutions can be separated by electrophoresis in denaturing gradient polyacrylamide gels, but only substitutions in a restricted part of the molecule...
Bovine papillomavirus vector that propagates as a plasmid in both mouse and bacterial cells.
DiMaio, D, Treisman, R, Maniatis, T
We report the construction of a bovine papillomavirus (BPV)-derived recombinant plasmid that propagates as an extrachromosomal element in both mouse and bacterial cells. Plasmids composed of a...
Regulated expression of an extrachromosomal human beta-interferon gene in mouse cells.
Zinn, K, Mellon, P, Ptashne, M, Maniatis, T
Beta(fibroblast)-interferon mRNA and protein are induced by the synthetic double-stranded RNA poly(I) X poly(C) in cultured human fibroblasts. To study the mechanism of this induction, we have...
Tissue-specific DNA methylation in a cluster of rabbit beta-like globin genes.
The relationship between DNA methylation and differential expression of rabbit beta-like globin genes was studied by using restriction enzymes that cleave the sequence C-C-G-G but are differentially...
A striking similarity in the organization of the E-selectin and beta interferon gene promoters.
Whitley, M Z, Thanos, D, Read, M A, Maniatis, T, Collins, T
Transcription of the endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (E-selectin or ELAM-1) gene is induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). In...
Expression of the Drosophila melanogaster Adh gene in adults requires a fat body-specific enhancer called the Adh adult enhancer (AAE). We have identified a protein in Drosophila nuclear extracts...
Postinduction turnoff of beta-interferon gene expression.
Viral induction of the human beta-interferon (IFN-beta) gene leads to a transient accumulation of high levels of IFN-beta mRNA. Previous studies have shown that the increase in IFN-beta mRNA levels...
The eukaryotic transcriptional repressor PRDI-BF1 contains five zinc fingers of the C2H2 type, and the protein binds specifically to PRDI, a 14-bp regulatory element of the beta interferon gene...
Inducible processing of interferon regulatory factor-2.
PRDI-BFc and PRDI-BFi are proteins that bind specifically to a regulatory element required for virus induction of the human beta interferon (IFN-beta). PRDI-BFc is a constitutive binding activity,...
Charnay, P, Mellon, P, Maniatis, T
We analyzed the sequences required for transcription of the mouse beta-major-globin gene by introducing deletion and linker scanning mutations into the 5'-flanking region and then studying the...
Activation of the human beta-interferon gene requires an interferon-inducible factor.
Enoch, T, Zinn, K, Maniatis, T
beta-Interferon (beta-IFN) gene expression can be induced by poly(I)-poly(C) or virus, but there is considerable variation in the extent of induction between different cell lines. We characterized...
DiMaio, D, Corbin, V, Sibley, E, Maniatis, T
A gene encoding the heavy chain of an HLA human histocompatibility antigen was isolated from a library of human DNA by recombination and selection in vivo. After insertion into a bovine...
Regulated expression of human alpha- and beta-globin genes in transient heterokaryons.
We have examined the expression of human alpha- and beta-like globin genes in transient heterokaryons formed by fusion of human nonerythroid cells with terminally differentiating mouse...
cis and trans activation of globin gene transcription in transient assays.
Treisman, R, Green, M R, Maniatis, T
We examined the effects of the simian virus 40 enhancer sequence on transcription of cloned human alpha- and beta-globin genes shortly after their introduction into cultured mammalian cells. We find...
Two different virus-inducible elements are required for human beta-interferon gene regulation.
We show that the human beta-interferon gene promoter contains two different virus-inducible regulatory elements, PRDI and PRDII (positive regulatory domains I and II). A single copy of either element...
Introduction and expression of a rabbit beta-globin gene in mouse fibroblasts.
Wold, B, Wigler, M, Lacy, E, Maniatis, T, Silverstein, S, Axel, R
The cloned chromosomal rabbit beta-globin gene has been introduced into mouse fibroblasts by DNA-mediated gene transfer (transformation). In this report, we examine the expression of the rabbit gene...
Nucleotide sequence of the rightward operator of phage lambda.
Maniatis, T, Jeffrey, A, Kleid, D G
The sequence of 72 base pairs of the rightward operator (O-R) of bacteriophage lambda is presented as determined with simple and rapid methods for direct DNA sequencing. The sequence of an operator...
Associations between distinct pre-mRNA splicing components and the cell nucleus.
Spector, D L, Fu, X D, Maniatis, T
SC-35 is a non-snRNP spliceosome component that is specifically recognized by the anti-spliceosome monoclonal antibody alpha SC-35. In this paper we provide direct evidence that SC-35 is an essential...
Amrein, H, Maniatis, T, Nöthiger, R
The Drosophila transformer-2 gene (tra-2) is required for female sex determination in somatic cells and for spermatogenesis in male germ cells. We studied the organization of the tra-2 gene and...
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is expressed in a complex temporal and spatial pattern from tandem promoters (proximal and distal) in Drosophila melanogaster, and from two closely linked genes (Adh-1 and...
Regulation of Drosophila Adh promoter switching by an initiator-targeted repression mechanism.
The stage-specific expression of the Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene is achieved through the alternate activation of two tandem promoters. The proximal promoter is active primarily during...
A systematic analysis of the factors that determine the strength of pre-mRNA splicing enhancers.
Graveley, B R, Hertel, K J, Maniatis, T
We find that the strength of splicing enhancers is determined by the relative activities of the bound serine-arginine (SR)-rich splicing factors, the number of SR proteins within the enhancer complex...
The Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) genes of two distantly related species, Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila mulleri, display similar, but not identical, patterns of tissue-specific expression in...
Falb, D., Fischer, J., Maniatis, T.
The Adh-2 gene of Drosophila mulleri is expressed in the larval fat body and the adult fat body and hindgut, and a 1500-bp element located 2-3 kb upstream of the Adh-2 promoter is necessary for...
Hertel, K J, Lynch, K W, Hsiao, E C, Liu, E H, Maniatis, T
We have compared the RNA sequences and secondary structures of the Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila virilis doublesex (dsx) splicing enhancers. The sequences of the two splicing enhancers are...
The role of U2AF35 and U2AF65 in enhancer-dependent splicing.
Graveley, B R, Hertel, K J, Maniatis, T
Splicing enhancers are RNA sequence elements that promote the splicing of nearby introns. The mechanism by which these elements act is still unclear. Some experiments support a model in which...