William Martin

Details der Publikationsliste

Zeitraum

1786 - 2009

Anzahl

112

Co-Autoren

Prokaryotic evolution and the tree of life are two different things (2009)

Bapteste, Eric, O'Malley, Maureen A, Beiko, Robert G, Ereshefsky, Marc, Gogarten, J Peter, Franklin-Hall, Laura, ...

Abstract Background The concept of a tree of life is prevalent in the evolutionary literature. It stems from attempting to obtain a grand unified natural system that reflects a recurrent process of...

Detection of circular polarization in light scattered from photosynthetic microbes (2009)

Sparks, William B., Hough, James, Germer, Thomas A., Chen, Feng, DasSarma, Shiladitya, DasSarma, Priya, ...

The identification of a universal biosignature that could be sensed remotely is critical to the prospects for success in the search for life elsewhere in the universe. A candidate universal...

A Machine-Learning Approach Reveals That Alignment Properties Alone Can Accurately Predict Inference of Lateral Gene Transfer from Discordant Phylogenies (2009)

Roettger, Mayo, Martin, William, Dagan, Tal

Among the methods currently used in phylogenomic practice to detect the presence of lateral gene transfer (LGT), one of the most frequently employed is the comparison of gene tree topologies for...

A Proteomic Survey of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Mitochondria Sheds New Light on the Metabolic Plasticity of the Organelle and on the Nature of the {alpha}-Proteobacterial Mitochondrial Ancestor (2009)

Atteia, Ariane, Adrait, Annie, Brugière, Sabine, Tardif, Marianne, Van Lis, Robert, Deusch, Oliver, ...

Mitochondria play a key role in the life and death of eukaryotic cells, yet the full spectrum of mitochondrial functions is far from being fully understood, especially in photosynthetic organisms. To...

Gentrification and displacement: a review of approaches and findings in the literature (positioning paper) (2009)

Rowland Atkinson, William Martin

Gentrification refers to the in-migration of affluent households to poorer and lower value areas of the city. In Australian cities like Melbourne and Sydney this process has become notable in a...

Gentrification and displacement: a review of approaches and findings in the literature (positioning paper) (2009)

Rowland Atkinson, William Martin

Gentrification refers to the in-migration of affluent households to poorer and lower value areas of the city. In Australian cities like Melbourne and Sydney this process has become notable in a...

Gentrification and displacement: a review of approaches and findings in the literature (positioning paper) (2009)

Rowland Atkinson, William Martin

Gentrification refers to the in-migration of affluent households to poorer and lower value areas of the city. In Australian cities like Melbourne and Sydney this process has become notable in a...

MageBuilder: A Schema Translation Tool for Generating MAGE-ML from Tabular Microarray Data (2008)

William Martin, Robert M. Horton, Attotron Biosensor Corporation

A 'MageBuilder ' object takes a set of 'MageMap' objects and a set of data streams as input, and produces a MAGEstk object representation, which is then serialized as MAGE-ML. A...

West Nile Virus Rapid Determination of HLA B*07 Ligands from the West Nile Virus NY99 Genome (2008)

Caitlin Saint-aubin, Andrew Bosma, Hakima Sbai, James Rayner, William Martin

Defined T-cell epitopes for West Nile (WN) virus may be useful for developing subunit vaccines against WN virus infection and diagnostic reagents to detect WN virus-specific immune response. We...

Opinion TRENDS in Genetics Vol.21 No.12 December 2005 On the origin of genomes and cells within inorganic compartments (2008)

Eugene V. Koonin, William Martin

on the model of Russell and Hall for the emergence of life at a warm submarine hydrothermal vent, we suggest that, within a hydrothermally formed system of contiguous iron-sulfide (FeS) compartments,...

iRun: Interactive Rendering of Large Unstructured Grids (2008)

Jean M. Favre, Dirk Reiners (editors, Huy T. Vo, Steven P. Callahan, Nathan Smith, ...

We present iRun, a system for interactively volume rendering large unstructured grids on commodity PCs. Rendering arbitrarily large datasets has been an active area of research for many years....

Abstract Practical Ray Tracing of Trimmed NURBS Surfaces (2008)

William Martin, Elaine Cohen, Russell Fish, Peter Shirley

A system is presented for ray tracing trimmed NURBS surfaces. While approaches to components are drawn largely from existing literature, their combination within a single framework is novel. This...

Abstract Practical Ray Tracing of Trimmed NURBS Surfaces (2008)

William Martin, Elaine Cohen, Russell Fish, Peter Shirley

A system is presented for ray tracing trimmed NURBS surfaces. While approaches to components are drawn largely from existing literature, their combination within a single framework is novel. This...

2007: Evolved and random perturbation methods for calculating model sensitivities and covariances (2008)

William J. Martin, Ming Xue, Dr. William Martin

Different ways of perturbing the initial condition of an ensemble of forecasts for the purpose of calculating sensitivity or covariance fields of model variables are examined. The three methods...

Methodology for measuring distortions to agricultural incentives (2008)

Anderson, Kym, Kurzweil, M., Martin, William, Sandri, D., Valenzuela, Ernesto

Kym Anderson, Marianne Kurzweil, Will Martin, Damiano Sandri and Ernesto Valenzuela

Methodology for measuring distortions to agricultural incentives (2008)

Anderson, Kym, Kurzweil, M., Martin, William, Sandri, D., Valenzuela, Ernesto

Kym Anderson, Marianne Kurzweil, Will Martin, Damiano Sandri and Ernesto Valenzuela

Evolutionary Dynamics of Introns in Plastid-Derived Genes in Plants: Saturation Nearly Reached but Slow Intron Gain Continues (2008)

Basu, Malay Kumar, Rogozin, Igor B., Deusch, Oliver, Dagan, Tal, Martin, William, Koonin, Eugene V.

Some of the principal transitions in the evolution of eukaryotes are characterized by engulfment of prokaryotes by primitive eukaryotic cells. In particular, ∼1.6 billion years ago, engulfment of a...

Genes of Cyanobacterial Origin in Plant Nuclear Genomes Point to a Heterocyst-Forming Plastid Ancestor (2008)

Deusch, Oliver, Landan, Giddy, Roettger, Mayo, Gruenheit, Nicole, Kowallik, Klaus V., Allen, John F., ...

Plastids are descended from a cyanobacterial symbiosis which occurred over 1.2 billion years ago. During the course of endosymbiosis, most genes were lost from the cyanobacterium's genome and many...

Difficulties in Testing for Covarion-Like Properties of Sequences under the Confounding Influence of Changing Proportions of Variable Sites (2008)

Gruenheit, Nicole, Lockhart, Peter J., Steel, Mike, Martin, William

The covarion (COV)-like properties of sequences are poorly described and their impact on phylogenetic analyses poorly understood. We demonstrate using simulations that, under an evolutionary model...

Child support can help to secure housing for resident parents and their children after relationship breakdown (2008)

Kristin Natalier, Maggie Walter, William Martin, Margaret Reynolds, Belinda Hewitt

The receipt of more than $75 per week in child support assisted resident parents living apart to secure better quality housing for themselves and their children. For non-resident parents living...

Child support can help to secure housing for resident parents and their children after relationship breakdown (2008)

Kristin Natalier, Maggie Walter, William Martin, Margaret Reynolds, Belinda Hewitt

The receipt of more than $75 per week in child support assisted resident parents living apart to secure better quality housing for themselves and their children. For non-resident parents living...

Architecture Architecture (2007)

Paul Messina David, David Culler, Wayne Pfeiffer, William Martin, J. Tinsley Oden, Gary Smith

ormance delivered to applications follows from a combination of advances, each making the system more scalable [5]: . The microprocessor building block became much faster (especially for...

B-Splines for Physically-Based Rendering (2007)

Michael M. Stark, William Martin, Elaine Cohen, Tom Lyche, Richard F. Riesenfeld, Michael M. Stark, ...

Although B-spline curves and surfaces have enjoyed a long established place in the graphics community as constructive modeling tools, the use of B-spline approximation techniques has received...

B-Splines for Physically-Based Rendering (2007)

Michael M. Stark, William Martin, Elaine Cohen, Tom Lyche, Richard F. Riesenfeld

Although B-spline curves and surfaces have enjoyed a long established place in the graphics community as constructive modeling tools, the use of B-spline approximation techniques has received...

Abstract The Lit Sphere: A Model for Capturing NPR Shading from Art (2007)

William Martin, Amy Gooch, Bruce Gooch

While traditional graphics techniques provide for the realistic display of three-dimensional objects, these methods often lack the flexibility to emulate expressive effects found in the works of...

The recurrence of rhythm: configurations of the voice in homer, plato and joyce. (2007)

Martin, William

The Recurrence of Rhythm is an inquiry into the notion that the voice flows – a theme that continually recurs in the Homeric poems, Plato's Cratylus and James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a...

The recurrence of rhythm: configurations of the voice in homer, plato and joyce. (2007)

Martin, William

The Recurrence of Rhythm is an inquiry into the notion that the voice flows – a theme that continually recurs in the Homeric poems, Plato's Cratylus and James Joyce's A Portrait of the...

The recurrence of rhythm: configurations of the voice in homer, plato and joyce. (2007)

Martin, William

The Recurrence of Rhythm is an inquiry into the notion that the voice flows – a theme that continually recurs in the Homeric poems, Plato's Cratylus and James Joyce's A Portrait of the...

The recurrence of rhythm: configurations of the voice in homer, plato and joyce. (2007)

Martin, William

The Recurrence of Rhythm is an inquiry into the notion that the voice flows – a theme that continually recurs in the Homeric poems, Plato's Cratylus and James Joyce's A Portrait of the...

The recurrence of rhythm: configurations of the voice in homer, plato and joyce. (2007)

Martin, William

The Recurrence of Rhythm is an inquiry into the notion that the voice flows – a theme that continually recurs in the Homeric poems, Plato's Cratylus and James Joyce's A Portrait of the...

The recurrence of rhythm: configurations of the voice in homer, plato and joyce. (2007)

Martin, William

The Recurrence of Rhythm is an inquiry into the notion that the voice flows – a theme that continually recurs in the Homeric poems, Plato's Cratylus and James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a...

Rate and Polarity of Gene Fusion and Fission in Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana (2007)

Nakamura, Yoji, Itoh, Takeshi, Martin, William

Eukaryotic gene fusion and fission events are mechanistically more complicated than in prokaryotes, and their quantitative contributions to genome evolution are still poorly understood. We have...

Submarkets in public sector housing (2007)

Terry Burke, William Martin

This project aims to assess the concept of 'housing submarket' in relation to its potential policy relevance for the public housing sector.In broad terms, the project aims to assess the concept of...

Trends in Australian non-metropolitan housing markets, 1991-2001 (2007)

William Martin, Stephen Legg, Margaret Reynolds, Ernest Healy, Anthony Hooper, Scott Baum

This final report aims to quantify the nature and extent of changes in the decade 1991-2001 within nonmetropolitan housing markets in Australia and, integral to achieving this first goal, to...

Trends in Australian non-metropolitan housing markets, 1991-2001 (2007)

William Martin, Stephen Legg, Margaret Reynolds, Ernest Healy, Anthony Hooper, Scott Baum

This final report aims to quantify the nature and extent of changes in the decade 1991-2001 within nonmetropolitan housing markets in Australia and, integral to achieving this first goal, to...

Submarkets in public sector housing (2007)

Terry Burke, William Martin

This project aims to assess the concept of 'housing submarket' in relation to its potential policy relevance for the public housing sector.In broad terms, the project aims to assess the concept of...

Trends in Australian non-metropolitan housing markets, 1991-2001 (2007)

William Martin, Stephen Legg, Margaret Reynolds, Ernest Healy, Anthony Hooper, Scott Baum

This final report aims to quantify the nature and extent of changes in the decade 1991-2001 within nonmetropolitan housing markets in Australia and, integral to achieving this first goal, to...

Trends in Australian non-metropolitan housing markets, 1991-2001 (2007)

William Martin, Stephen Legg, Margaret Reynolds, Ernest Healy, Anthony Hooper, Scott Baum

This final report aims to quantify the nature and extent of changes in the decade 1991-2001 within nonmetropolitan housing markets in Australia and, integral to achieving this first goal, to...

Central Iowa kitchen gardens : the theory and practice of sustainable household food production / (2006)

Martin, William.

This study examines how household gardeners contributed foodstuffs from their kitchen gardens - and landscapes - to a hypothetically constructed local food system comprised of Boone and Story...

Submitted to Monthly Weather Review (2006)

William J. Martin, Ming Xue, Dr. William Martin

This paper explores the use of large ensembles of model runs with randomly perturbed initial conditions for the calculation of error covariance fields, initial condition sensitivity fields, and...

Rate and Polarity of Gene Fusion and Fission in Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana (2006)

Nakamura, Yoji, Itoh, Takeshi, Martin, William

Eukaryotic gene fusion and fission events are mechanistically more complicated than in prokaryotes and their quantitative contributions to genome evolution are still poorly understood. We have...

Development of an adjoint for a complex atmospheric model, the ARPS, using TAF (2005)

Ying Xiao, William Martin, Jidong Gao

Summary. Large-scale scientific computer models, such as operational weather predictions models, pose challenges on the applicability of AD tools. We report the application of TAF to the development...

Phylogenomics of the Reproductive Parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: A Streamlined Genome Overrun by Mobile Genetic Elements (2004)

Wu, Martin, Sun, Ling V., Vamathevan, Jessica, Riegler, Markus, Deboy, Robert, Brownlie, Jeremy C., ...

The complete sequence of the 1,267,782 bp genome of Wolbachia pipientis wMel, an obligate intracellular bacteria of Drosophila melanogaster, has been determined. Wolbachia, which are found in a...

Phylogenomics of the reproductive parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: a streamlined genome overrun with mobile genetic elements (2004)

Wu, Martin, Sun, Ling V., Vamathevan, Jessica, Riegler, Markus, Deboy, Robert, Brownlie, Jeremy C., ...

The complete sequence of the 1,267,782 bp genome of Wolbachia pipientis wMel, an obligate intracellular bacteria of Drosophila melanogaster, has been determined. Wolbachia, which are found in a...

Phylogenomics of the reproductive parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: A streamlined genome overrun by mobile genetic elements (2004)

Wu, Martin, Sun, Ling V., Vamathevan, Jessica, Riegler, Markus, Deboy, Robert, Brownlie, Jeremy C., ...

The complete sequence of the 1,267,782 bp genome of Wolbachia pipientis wMel, an obligate intracellular bacteria of Drosophila melanogaster, has been determined. Wolbachia, which are found in a...

Phylogenomics of the Reproductive Parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: A Streamlined Genome Overrun by Mobile Genetic Elements (2004)

Wu, Martin, Sun, Ling V., Vamathevan, Jessica, Riegler, Markus, Deboy, Robert, Brownlie, Jeremy C., ...

The complete sequence of the 1,267,782 bp genome of Wolbachia pipientis wMel, an obligate intracellular bacteria of Drosophila melanogaster, has been determined. Wolbachia, which are found in a...

Phylogenomics of the reproductive parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: a streamlined genome overrun with mobile genetic elements (2004)

Wu, Martin, Sun, Ling V., Vamathevan, Jessica, Riegler, Markus, Deboy, Robert, Brownlie, Jeremy C., ...

The complete sequence of the 1,267,782 bp genome of Wolbachia pipientis wMel, an obligate intracellular bacteria of Drosophila melanogaster, has been determined. Wolbachia, which are found in a...

1 (2004)

Christian Esser, Nahal Ahmadinejad, Christian Wieg, Carmen Rotte, Federico Sebastiani, Gabriel Gelius-dietrich, ...

A genome phylogeny for mitochondria among α-proteobacteria and a predominantly eubacterial ancestry of yeast nuclear genes

A Genome Phylogeny for Mitochondria Among {alpha}-Proteobacteria and a Predominantly Eubacterial Ancestry of Yeast Nuclear Genes (2004)

Esser, Christian, Ahmadinejad, Nahal, Wiegand, Christian, Rotte, Carmen, Sebastiani, Federico, Gelius-Dietrich, Gabriel, ...

Analyses of 55 individual and 31 concatenated protein data sets encoded in Reclinomonas americana and Marchantia polymorpha mitochondrial genomes revealed that current methods for constructing...

A Genome Phylogeny for Mitochondria Among {alpha}-Proteobacteria and a Predominantly Eubacterial Ancestry of Yeast Nuclear Genes (2004)

Esser, Christian, Ahmadinejad, Nahal, Wiegand, Christian, Rotte, Carmen, Sebastiani, Federico, Gelius-Dietrich, Gabriel, ...

Analyses of 55 individual and 31 concatenated protein data sets encoded in Reclinomonas americana and Marchantia polymorpha mitochondrial genomes revealed that current methods for constructing...

A Genome Phylogeny for Mitochondria Among {alpha}-Proteobacteria and a Predominantly Eubacterial Ancestry of Yeast Nuclear Genes (2004)

Esser, Christian, Ahmadinejad, Nahal, Wiegand, Christian, Rotte, Carmen, Sebastiani, Federico, Gelius-Dietrich, Gabriel, ...

Analyses of 55 individual and 31 concatenated protein data sets encoded in Reclinomonas americana and Marchantia polymorpha mitochondrial genomes revealed that current methods for constructing...

Economic Impacts of China’s Accession to the World Trade Organization. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3053 (2003)

Elena Ianchovichina, William Martin

This paper presents estimates of the impact of accession by China and Chinese Taipei to the WTO. China is estimated to be the biggest beneficiary, followed by Chinese Taipei and their major trading...

Phylogenetic Trees from Large Datasets Inaugural – Dissertation zur (2003)

Heiko A. Schmidt, Korreferent Prof, Dr. William Martin

Indeed, it was made on the plan of a bench for length and lowness. It seemed to be satisfied, but I thought the plan poor, and structurally weak, on account of the distance between the forward...

1.0 Abstract Newbie’s Guide to Atmospheric Sciences (2003)

William Martin, Meteorological Moments

Research for Personal Gain The purpose of this paper is to conduct research into Atmospheric Sciences from the point of view of a computer scientist. 2.0 Terminology Before getting started with any...

Single Eubacterial Origin of Eukaryotic Sulfide:Quinone Oxidoreductase, a Mitochondrial Enzyme Conserved from the Early Evolution of Eukaryotes During Anoxic and Sulfidic Times (2003)

Theissen, Ursula, Hoffmeister, Meike, Grieshaber, Manfred, Martin, William

Mitochondria occur as aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, and in the case of hydrogenosomes, as strictly anaerobic forms. This physiological diversity of mitochondrial oxygen requirement is paralleled...

Single Eubacterial Origin of Eukaryotic Sulfide:Quinone Oxidoreductase, a Mitochondrial Enzyme Conserved from the Early Evolution of Eukaryotes During Anoxic and Sulfidic Times (2003)

Theissen, Ursula, Hoffmeister, Meike, Grieshaber, Manfred, Martin, William

Mitochondria occur as aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, and, in the case of hydrogenosomes, strictly anaerobic forms. This physiological diversity of mitochondrial oxygen requirement is paralleled by...

Single Eubacterial Origin of Eukaryotic Sulfide:Quinone Oxidoreductase, a Mitochondrial Enzyme Conserved from the Early Evolution of Eukaryotes During Anoxic and Sulfidic Times (2003)

Theissen, Ursula, Hoffmeister, Meike, Grieshaber, Manfred, Martin, William

Mitochondria occur as aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, and in the case of hydrogenosomes, as strictly anaerobic forms. This physiological diversity of mitochondrial oxygen requirement is paralleled...

Surface completion of an irregular boundary curve using a concentric mapping (2002)

William Martin, Elaine Cohen

Abstract. It is frequently necessary to complete the design of a surface from a specification of its boundary. This paper introduces a technique for completing the surface when the boundary is...

Surface completion of an irregular boundary curve using a concentric mapping (2002)

William Martin, Elaine Cohen

Abstract. It is frequently necessary to complete the design of a surface from a specification of its boundary. This paper introduces a technique for completing the surface when the boundary is...

The Lit Sphere: A Model for Capturing NPR Shading from Art (2001)

William Martin

While traditional graphics techniques provide for the realistic display of three-dimensional objects, these methods often lack the flexibility to emulate expressive effects found in the works of...

Temporally Coherent Interactive Ray Tracing (2001)

William Martin Erik, William Martin, Erik Reinhard, Peter Shirley, Steven Parker, William Thompson

Ray tracing exhibits visible temporal aliasing artifacts in interactive viewing of complex datasets. We present a technique to reduce scintillation in point sampled imagery by targeting new rays to...

Pyruvate : NADP Oxidoreductase from the Mitochondrion of Euglena gracilis and from the Apicomplexan Cryptosporidium parvum: A Biochemical Relic Linking Pyruvate Metabolism in Mitochondriate and Amitochondriate Protists (2001)

Rotte, Carmen, Stejskal, Frantisek, Zhu, Guan, Keithly, Janet S., Martin, William

Most eukaryotes perform the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in mitochondria using pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). Eukaryotes that lack mitochondria also lack PDH, using instead the O2-sensitive...

Practical Ray Tracing of Trimmed NURBS Surfaces (2000)

William Martin, Elaine Cohen, Russell Fish, Peter Shirley

A system is presented for ray tracing trimmed NURBS surfaces. While approaches to components are drawn largely from existing literature, their combination within a single framework is novel. This...

Compartment-Specific Isoforms of TPI and GAPDH are Imported into Diatom Mitochondria as a Fusion Protein: Evidence in Favor of a Mitochondrial Origin of the Eukaryotic Glycolytic Pathway (2000)

Liaud, Marie-Françoise, Lichtl, Christiane, Apt, Kirk, Martin, William, Cerff, Rüdiger

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) are essential to glycolysis, the major route of carbohydrate breakdown in eukaryotes. In animals and other...

Base J originally found in Kinetoplastida is also a minor constituent of nuclear DNA of Euglena gracilis (2000)

Dooijes, Dennis, Chaves, Inês, Kieft, Rudo, Dirks-Mulder, Anita, Martin, William, Borst, Piet

We have analyzed DNA of Euglena gracilis for the presence of the unusual minor base &bgr;-d-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil or J, thus far only found in kinetoplastid flagellates and in Diplonema. Using...

Interactive ray tracing (1999)

Steven Parker, William Martin, Peter Shirley, Brian Smits, Charles Hansen

University of Utah, We examine a rendering system that interactively ray traces an image on a conventional multiprocessor. The implementation is “brute force ” in that it explicitly traces rays...

Interactive Ray Tracing (1999)

Steven Parker, William Martin, Peter Shirley, Brian Smits, Charles Hansen

We examine a rendering system that interactively ray traces an image on a conventional multiprocessor. The implementation is "brute force" in that it explicitly traces rays through every...

Interactive ray tracing (1999)

Steven Parker, William Martin, Peter Shirley, Brian Smits, Charles Hansen

We examine a rendering system that interactively ray traces an image on a conventional multiprocessor. The implementation is “brute force ” in that it explicitly traces rays through every screen...

Gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase improves nitric oxide-dependent endothelial function in a hypertensive rat model (1999)

Alexander, M.Yvonne, Brosnan, M.Julia, Hamilton, Carlene A, Downie, Paul, Devlin, Alison M, Dowell, Fiona, ...

Objective: We have shown previously that there is a relative nitric oxide deficiency at the level of vascular endothelium in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP), a model of human...

SRAM Bitmap Shape Recognition and Sorting Using Neural Networks (1995)

All S. Collica, Jill P. Card, William Martin

Abstruct- This paper details the use of neural network tech-nologies in the characterization of bit fail patterns occurring on SRAM chips as an alternative to the more traditional rule-based or...

Molecular phylogenetics in plant evolution / (1992)

Martin, William.

Braunschweig, Techn. Univ., Habil.-Schr., 1992 (Nicht für den Austausch).

Cape Cod (1992)

Martin, William

Cape Cod, William Martin, traduzione di Marco Papi e Roberta Rambelli. . - Milano. NALUAF00001079, Mondadori. NAEDAF00003662. 1992.

Economic impacts of China's accession to the World Trade Organization

Ianchovichina, Elena, Martin, William

Ianchovichina and Martin present estimates of the impact of accession by China and Chinese Taipei to the World Trade Organization. China is estimated to be the biggest beneficiary, followed by...

The origin of mitochondria in light of a fluid prokaryotic chromosome model

Esser, Christian, Martin, William, Dagan, Tal

Biologists agree that the ancestor of mitochondria was an α-proteobacterium. But there is no consensus as to what constitutes an α-proteobacterial gene. Is it a gene found in all or several...

On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent

Martin, William, Russell, Michael J

A model for the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent has been developed that focuses on the acetyl-CoA (Wood–Ljungdahl) pathway of CO2 fixation and central intermediary...

Modular networks and cumulative impact of lateral transfer in prokaryote genome evolution

Dagan, Tal, Artzy-Randrup, Yael, Martin, William

Lateral gene transfer is an important mechanism of natural variation among prokaryotes, but the significance of its quantitative contribution to genome evolution is debated. Here, we report networks...

Activation of natural regulatory T cells by IgG Fc–derived peptide “Tregitopes”

De Groot, Anne S., Moise, Leonard, McMurry, Julie A., Wambre, Erik, Van Overtvelt, Laurence, Moingeon, Philippe, ...

We have identified at least 2 highly promiscuous major histocompatibility complex class II T-cell epitopes in the Fc fragment of IgG that are capable of specifically activating CD4+CD25HiFoxP3+...

Protein Import into Hydrogenosomes of Trichomonas vaginalis Involves both N-Terminal and Internal Targeting Signals: a Case Study of Thioredoxin Reductases▿ †

Mentel, Marek, Zimorski, Verena, Haferkamp, Patrick, Martin, William, Henze, Katrin

The parabasalian flagellate Trichomonas vaginalis harbors mitochondrion-related and H2-producing organelles of anaerobic ATP synthesis, called hydrogenosomes, which harbor oxygen-sensitive enzymes...

Detection of circular polarization in light scattered from photosynthetic microbes

Sparks, William B., Hough, James, Germer, Thomas A., Chen, Feng, DasSarma, Shiladitya, DasSarma, Priya, ...

The identification of a universal biosignature that could be sensed remotely is critical to the prospects for success in the search for life elsewhere in the universe. A candidate universal...

Oxidation by trace Cu2+ ions underlies the ability of ascorbate to induce vascular dysfunction in the rat perfused mesentery

Nelli, Silvia, Craig, John, Martin, William

Ascorbate has both antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities. We have previously shown that plasma levels of ascorbate induce constriction and blockade of dilatation mediated by endothelium-derived...

Energy metabolism among eukaryotic anaerobes in light of Proterozoic ocean chemistry

Mentel, Marek, Martin, William

Recent years have witnessed major upheavals in views about early eukaryotic evolution. One very significant finding was that mitochondria, including hydrogenosomes and the newly discovered mitosomes,...